Bromus catharticus |
Bromus catharticus var. catharticus |
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rescue brome, rescue grass, rescuegras |
rescue grass |
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Habit | Plants annual, biennial, or perennial; loosely cespitose or tufted. | Plants annual or biennial; tufted. | ||||
Culms | 30-120 cm tall, 2-4 mm thick, erect or decumbent. |
30-120 cm, erect or decumbent. |
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Sheaths | usually densely, often retrorsely, hairy, hairs sometimes confined to the throat; auricles absent; ligules 1-4 mm, glabrous or pilose, obtuse, lacerate to erose; blades 4-30 cm long, 3-10 mm wide, flat, glabrous or hairy on both surfaces. |
usually densely, often retrorsely, hairy, hairs sometimes confined to the throat; ligules 1-4 mm, glabrous or pilose, erose; blades 4-26 cm long, 3-10 mm wide, glabrous or hairy on both surfaces. |
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Panicles | 9-28 cm, usually open, erect or nodding; lower branches shorter than 10 cm, 1-4 per node, spreading or ascending, with up to 5 spikelets variously distributed. |
9-28 cm, open, erect or nodding; lower branches 1-4 per node, spreading or ascending, with 1-5 spikelets. |
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Spikelets | (17)20-40 mm, shorter than at least some pedicels and branches, elliptic to lanceolate, strongly laterally compressed, not crowded or overlapping, with 4-12 florets. |
20-30 mm, with 6-12 florets. |
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Glumes | smooth or scabrous, glabrous or pubescent; lower glumes 7-12 mm, 5-7(9)-veined; upper glumes 9-17 mm, 7-9(11)-veined, shorter than the lowest lemma; lemmas 11-20 mm, lanceolate, laterally compressed, strongly keeled, usually glabrous, sometimes pubescent distally, smooth or scabrous, 9-13-veined, veins often raised and riblike, margins sometimes conspicuous, hyaline, whitish or partly purplish, apices entire or toothed, teeth acute, shorter than 1 mm; awns absent or to 10 mm; anthers 0.5-1 mm in cleistogamous florets, 2-5 mm in chasmogamous florets. |
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Lower | glumes 5-7-veined; upper glumes 9-13 mm, (7)9(11)-veined; lemmas 11-20 mm, glabrous or scabrous, sometimes pubescent distally, (9)11-13-veined; awns absent or to 3.5 mm; anthers about 0.5 mm in cleistogamous florets, 2-4 mm in chasmogamous florets. |
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2n | = 42. |
= 42. |
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Bromus catharticus |
Bromus catharticus var. catharticus |
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Distribution |
AL; AR; AZ; CA; CO; DC; FL; GA; IA; IL; KS; KY; LA; MD; MO; MS; NC; ND; NE; NJ; NM; NV; NY; OH; OK; OR; PA; SC; SD; TN; TX; UT; VA; HI; AB; NF; ON
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Discussion | Bromus catharticus var. catharticus is native to South America. It has been widely introduced in the flora region as a forage crop and is now established, particularly in the southern half of the United States. It usually grows on disturbed soils. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Key |
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Source | FNA vol. 24, p. 199. | FNA vol. 24, p. 199. | ||||
Parent taxa | Poaceae > subfam. Pooideae > tribe Bromeae > Bromus > sect. Ceratochloa | Poaceae > subfam. Pooideae > tribe Bromeae > Bromus > sect. Ceratochloa > Bromus catharticus | ||||
Sibling taxa | ||||||
Subordinate taxa | ||||||
Synonyms | Ceratochloa unioloides, B. willdenowii, B. unioloides | |||||
Name authority | Vahl | unknown | ||||
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