Bromus catharticus |
Bromus arenarius |
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rescue brome, rescue grass, rescuegras |
Australian brome, Australian chess |
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Habit | Plants annual, biennial, or perennial; loosely cespitose or tufted. | Plants annual. | ||||
Culms | 30-120 cm tall, 2-4 mm thick, erect or decumbent. |
20-40 cm, erect to ascending. |
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Sheaths | usually densely, often retrorsely, hairy, hairs sometimes confined to the throat; auricles absent; ligules 1-4 mm, glabrous or pilose, obtuse, lacerate to erose; blades 4-30 cm long, 3-10 mm wide, flat, glabrous or hairy on both surfaces. |
densely retorsely pilose; ligules 1.5-2.5 mm, glabrous or pilose, obtuse, lacerate; blades 7-8 cm long, 3-6 mm wide, pilose on both surfaces. |
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Panicles | 9-28 cm, usually open, erect or nodding; lower branches shorter than 10 cm, 1-4 per node, spreading or ascending, with up to 5 spikelets variously distributed. |
(4)10-15 cm long, 4-7 cm wide, open, nodding; branches sometimes longer than the spikelets, spreading or ascending, sinuous. |
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Spikelets | (17)20-40 mm, shorter than at least some pedicels and branches, elliptic to lanceolate, strongly laterally compressed, not crowded or overlapping, with 4-12 florets. |
10-20 mm, lanceolate, terete to moderately laterally compressed; florets 5-9(11), bases concealed at maturity; rachilla internodes concealed at maturity. |
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Glumes | smooth or scabrous, glabrous or pubescent; lower glumes 7-12 mm, 5-7(9)-veined; upper glumes 9-17 mm, 7-9(11)-veined, shorter than the lowest lemma; lemmas 11-20 mm, lanceolate, laterally compressed, strongly keeled, usually glabrous, sometimes pubescent distally, smooth or scabrous, 9-13-veined, veins often raised and riblike, margins sometimes conspicuous, hyaline, whitish or partly purplish, apices entire or toothed, teeth acute, shorter than 1 mm; awns absent or to 10 mm; anthers 0.5-1 mm in cleistogamous florets, 2-5 mm in chasmogamous florets. |
densely pilose; lower glumes 7-10 mm, 3-veined; upper glumes 8-12 mm, (5)7-veined; lemmas 9-11(13) mm long, 1-1.8 mm wide, lanceolate, densely pilose, distinctly 7-veined, rounded over the midvein, margins rounded, not inrolled at maturity, apices acute, bifid, teeth shorter than 1 mm; awns 10-16 mm, straight to weakly spreading, arising 1.5 mm or more below the lemma apices; anthers 0.7-1 mm. |
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Caryopses | equaling or shorter than the paleas, thin, weakly inrolled. |
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2n | = 42. |
= unknown. |
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Bromus catharticus |
Bromus arenarius |
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Distribution |
AL; AR; AZ; CA; CO; DC; FL; GA; IA; IL; KS; KY; LA; MD; MO; MS; NC; ND; NE; NJ; NM; NV; NY; OH; OK; OR; PA; SC; SD; TN; TX; UT; VA; HI; AB; NF; ON
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AZ; CA; NV; OR; PA
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Discussion | Bromus arenarius grows in dry, often sandy slopes, fields, and waste places. Native to Australia, it is now widely scattered throughout California, and is also recorded from Oregon, eastern Nevada, Arizona, New Mexico, Texas, and Pennsylvania. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Key |
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Source | FNA vol. 24, p. 199. | FNA vol. 24, p. 235. | ||||
Parent taxa | Poaceae > subfam. Pooideae > tribe Bromeae > Bromus > sect. Ceratochloa | Poaceae > subfam. Pooideae > tribe Bromeae > Bromus > sect. Bromus | ||||
Sibling taxa | ||||||
Subordinate taxa | ||||||
Synonyms | Ceratochloa unioloides, B. willdenowii, B. unioloides | |||||
Name authority | Vahl | Labill. | ||||
Web links |
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