Bromus briziformis |
Bromus sterilis |
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rattlesnake brome, rattlesnake chess, rattlesnake grass |
barren brome, barren bromegrass, poverty brome, sterile brome |
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Habit | Plants annual. | Plants annual. |
Culms | 20-62 cm, erect or ascending. |
35-100 cm, erect or geniculate near the base, glabrous. |
Sheaths | densely pilose; ligules 0.5-2 mm, hairy, obtuse, erose; blades 3-13 cm long, 2-4 mm wide, pilose to pubescent on both surfaces. |
densely pubescent; auricles absent; ligules 2-2.5 mm, glabrous, acute, lacerate; blades 4-20 cm long, 1-6 mm wide, pubescent on both surfaces. |
Panicles | 5-15 cm long, 3-7 cm wide, open, secund, nodding; branches sometimes longer than the spikelets, curved to reflexed. |
10-20 cm long, 5-12 cm wide, open; branches 2-10 cm, spreading, ascending or drooping, rarely with more than 3 spikelets. |
Spikelets | 15-27 mm long, 8-12 mm wide, ovate, laterally compressed; florets 7-15, bases concealed at maturity; rachilla internodes concealed at maturity. |
20-35 mm, usually shorter than the panicle branches, sides parallel or diverging distally, moderately laterally compressed, with 5-9 florets. |
Glumes | smooth or scabridulous; lower glumes 5-6 mm, 3-5-veined; upper glumes 6-8 mm, 7-9-veined; lemmas 9-10 mm long, 6-8 mm wide, inflated, obovate or rhombic, coriaceous, smooth or scabridulous, obscurely 9-veined, rounded over the midvein, margins hyaline, 1-1.3 mm wide, abruptly angled, not inrolled at maturity, apices acute to obtuse, bifid, teeth shorter than 1 mm; awns usually absent, sometimes to 1 mm, arising less than 1.5 mm below the lemma apices; anthers 0.7-1 mm. |
smooth or scabrous, margins hyaline; lower glumes 6-14 mm, 1(3)-veined; upper glumes 10-20 mm, 3(5)-veined; lemmas 14-20 mm, narrowly lanceolate, pubescent or puberulent, 7(9)-veined, rounded over the midvein, margins hyaline, apices acuminate, bifid, teeth 1-3 mm; awns 15-30 mm, straight, arising 1.5 mm or more below the lemma apices; anthers 1-1.4 mm. |
Caryopses | equaling or shorter than the paleas, thin, weakly inrolled or flat. |
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2n | = 14. |
= 14,28. |
Bromus briziformis |
Bromus sterilis |
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Distribution |
AK; CA; CO; CT; DE; ID; IL; IN; MA; MD; MI; MT; ND; NE; NJ; NM; NV; NY; OH; OR; PA; SD; UT; VT; WA; WY; BC; ON
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AL; AR; AZ; CA; CO; CT; DC; DE; ID; IL; IN; KY; MA; MD; MI; MO; MS; NC; NJ; NM; NV; NY; OH; OK; OR; PA; RI; TN; TX; UT; VA; WA; WV; HI; BC; ON
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Discussion | Bromus briziformis grows in waste places, road verges, and overgrazed areas. It is native to southwest Asia and Europe, and is adventive in the Flora region, occurring from southern British Columbia to as far south as New Mexico, and in scattered locations eastward. The unique shape of its spikelets has led to its use in dried flower arrangements and as a garden ornamental. The common name may refer to the similarity of the spikelets to a rattlesnake's tail. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Bromus sterilis is native to Europe, growing from Sweden southward. In the Flora region, it grows in road verges, waste places, fields, and overgrazed rangeland. It is widespread in western and eastern North America, but is mostly absent from the Great Plains and the southeastern states. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 24, p. 228. | FNA vol. 24, p. 224. |
Parent taxa | Poaceae > subfam. Pooideae > tribe Bromeae > Bromus > sect. Bromus | Poaceae > subfam. Pooideae > tribe Bromeae > Bromus > sect. Genea |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | B. brizaeformis | Anisantha sterilis |
Name authority | Fisch. & C.A. Mey. | L |
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