Bromus briziformis |
Bromus ramosus |
|
---|---|---|
rattlesnake brome, rattlesnake chess, rattlesnake grass |
hairy brome |
|
Habit | Plants annual. | Plants perennial; not rhizomatous. |
Culms | 20-62 cm, erect or ascending. |
40-190 cm, erect; nodes 2-4, usually pubescent; internodes usually pubescent. |
Sheaths | densely pilose; ligules 0.5-2 mm, hairy, obtuse, erose; blades 3-13 cm long, 2-4 mm wide, pilose to pubescent on both surfaces. |
with long, stiff, retrorse hairs, at least on the lower portion, midrib of the culm leaves not abruptly narrowed just below the collar; auricles present; ligules 2-3.5 mm, glabrous or sparsely pilose, rounded to truncate, erose; blades 10-60 cm long, 6-15 mm wide, flat, drooping, glabrous or sparsely hairy. |
Panicles | 5-15 cm long, 3-7 cm wide, open, secund, nodding; branches sometimes longer than the spikelets, curved to reflexed. |
15-40 cm long, open, lax, drooping; branches spreading or drooping. |
Spikelets | 15-27 mm long, 8-12 mm wide, ovate, laterally compressed; florets 7-15, bases concealed at maturity; rachilla internodes concealed at maturity. |
20-40 mm, elliptic to lanceolate, terete to moderately laterally compressed, with 3-10 florets. |
Glumes | smooth or scabridulous; lower glumes 5-6 mm, 3-5-veined; upper glumes 6-8 mm, 7-9-veined; lemmas 9-10 mm long, 6-8 mm wide, inflated, obovate or rhombic, coriaceous, smooth or scabridulous, obscurely 9-veined, rounded over the midvein, margins hyaline, 1-1.3 mm wide, abruptly angled, not inrolled at maturity, apices acute to obtuse, bifid, teeth shorter than 1 mm; awns usually absent, sometimes to 1 mm, arising less than 1.5 mm below the lemma apices; anthers 0.7-1 mm. |
glabrous, scabridulous over the veins; lower glumes 5-8 mm, 1-veined; upper glumes 8-11 mm, 3-veined, mucronate; lemmas 10-14 mm, lanceolate, rounded over the midvein, margins and at least the lower 1/2 of the backs pubescent, apices acute, entire or emarginate, lobes shorter than 1 mm; awns 4-7 mm, straight, arising less than 1.5 mm below the lemma apices; anthers 2.5-4 mm. |
Caryopses | equaling or shorter than the paleas, thin, weakly inrolled or flat. |
|
2n | = 14. |
= 14, 28, 42. |
Bromus briziformis |
Bromus ramosus |
|
Distribution |
AK; CA; CO; CT; DE; ID; IL; IN; MA; MD; MI; MT; ND; NE; NJ; NM; NV; NY; OH; OR; PA; SD; UT; VT; WA; WY; BC; ON
|
DC; KY; LA; ME; MS |
Discussion | Bromus briziformis grows in waste places, road verges, and overgrazed areas. It is native to southwest Asia and Europe, and is adventive in the Flora region, occurring from southern British Columbia to as far south as New Mexico, and in scattered locations eastward. The unique shape of its spikelets has led to its use in dried flower arrangements and as a garden ornamental. The common name may refer to the similarity of the spikelets to a rattlesnake's tail. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Bromus ramosus is native to Asia, Europe, and northern Africa. It is included here based on Pavlick's (1995) statement that it is found sporadically in the southern and eastern United States; specimens to substantiate his statement have not been located. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 24, p. 228. | FNA vol. 24, p. 220. |
Parent taxa | Poaceae > subfam. Pooideae > tribe Bromeae > Bromus > sect. Bromus | Poaceae > subfam. Pooideae > tribe Bromeae > Bromus > sect. Bromopsis |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | B. brizaeformis | |
Name authority | Fisch. & C.A. Mey. | Huds. |
Web links |
|