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Chilean chess

compact brome, foxtail brome, foxtail chess, madrid brome, Spanish brome

Habit Plants annual; often tufted. Plants annual.
Culms

30-60 cm, slender.

34-70 cm, erect or ascending, glabrous or puberulent below the panicle.

Sheaths

pilose-pubescent to nearly glabrous;

blades 7-28 cm long, 2-9 mm wide, pilose or glabrous.

densely short-pubescent or glabrous;

auricles absent;

ligules 1.5-2 mm, glabrous, obtuse, erose;

blades 4-20 cm long, 1-5 mm wide, flat, both surfaces pubescent or glabrous.

Panicles

10-20 cm long, 3-9 cm wide, erect, dense;

branches appressed to spreading, sometimes flexuous.

3-15 cm long, 2-6 cm wide, open, erect;

branches (at least some) 1-3+ cm, ascending to spreading, never drooping, usually visible, with 1 or 2 spikelets.

Spikelets

15-20 mm, elliptic to lanceolate, more or less terete, with 3-9 florets.

30-50 mm, longer than the panicle branches, not densely crowded, with parallel sides or widening distally, moderately laterally compressed, with 6-10 florets.

Glumes

glabrous, acuminate;

lower glumes 8-10 mm, 1-veined;

upper glumes 12-16 mm, 3(5)-veined;

lemmas 11-14 mm, lanceolate to linear-lanceolate, sparsely pubescent, 5-veined, rounded over the midvein, apices acuminate, bifid, teeth 2-3 mm, usually aristate, sometimes acuminate;

awns 13-20 mm, geniculate, strongly to moderately twisted in the basal portion, arising 1.5 mm or more below the lemma apices;

anthers 2-2.5 mm.

pilose, margins hyaline;

lower glumes 5-10 mm, 1-veined;

upper glumes 10-15 mm, 3-veined;

lemmas 12-20 mm, linear-lanceolate, often arcuate, pubescent, with longer hairs near the margins, 5-7-veined, rounded over the midvein, margins hyaline, apices acuminate, teeth 1.5-3 mm;

awns 12-23 mm, straight or arcuate, arising 1.5 mm or more below the lemma apices;

anthers 0.5-1 mm.

2n

= unknown.

= 28.

Bromus berteroanus

Bromus madritensis

Distribution
from FNA
AZ; CA; NV; OR; UT
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
AZ; CA; IL; MD; MI; MS; NV; OR; VA; HI
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Bromus berteroanus is from Chile, and can now be found in dry areas in western North America, including British Columbia, Montana, California, Nevada, Arizona, southwestern Utah, and Baja California, Mexico.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Bromus madritensis is native to southern and western Europe. It is now established in North America, and grows in disturbed soil, waste places, banks, and road verges in southern Oregon, California, and Arizona.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 24, p. 224. FNA vol. 24, p. 226.
Parent taxa Poaceae > subfam. Pooideae > tribe Bromeae > Bromus > sect. Neobromus Poaceae > subfam. Pooideae > tribe Bromeae > Bromus > sect. Genea
Sibling taxa
B. aleutensis, B. anomalus, B. arenarius, B. arizonicus, B. arvensis, B. briziformis, B. carinatus, B. caroli-henrici, B. catharticus, B. ciliatus, B. commutatus, B. danthoniae, B. diandrus, B. erectus, B. frondosus, B. grandis, B. hallii, B. hordeaceus, B. inermis, B. japonicus, B. kalmii, B. laevipes, B. lanatipes, B. lanceolatus, B. latiglumis, B. lepidus, B. madritensis, B. maritimus, B. mucroglumis, B. nottowayanus, B. orcuttianus, B. pacificus, B. polyanthus, B. porteri, B. pseudolaevipes, B. pubescens, B. pumpellianus, B. racemosus, B. ramosus, B. richardsonii, B. riparius, B. rubens, B. scoparius, B. secalinus, B. sitchensis, B. squarrosus, B. sterilis, B. suksdorfii, B. tectorum, B. texensis, B. vulgaris
B. aleutensis, B. anomalus, B. arenarius, B. arizonicus, B. arvensis, B. berteroanus, B. briziformis, B. carinatus, B. caroli-henrici, B. catharticus, B. ciliatus, B. commutatus, B. danthoniae, B. diandrus, B. erectus, B. frondosus, B. grandis, B. hallii, B. hordeaceus, B. inermis, B. japonicus, B. kalmii, B. laevipes, B. lanatipes, B. lanceolatus, B. latiglumis, B. lepidus, B. maritimus, B. mucroglumis, B. nottowayanus, B. orcuttianus, B. pacificus, B. polyanthus, B. porteri, B. pseudolaevipes, B. pubescens, B. pumpellianus, B. racemosus, B. ramosus, B. richardsonii, B. riparius, B. rubens, B. scoparius, B. secalinus, B. sitchensis, B. squarrosus, B. sterilis, B. suksdorfii, B. tectorum, B. texensis, B. vulgaris
Synonyms B. trinii var. excelsus, B. trinii
Name authority Colla L.
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