Bromus arizonicus |
Bromus maritimus |
|
---|---|---|
Arizona brome |
maritime brome, seaside brome |
|
Habit | Plants annual; tufted. | Plants perennial; loosely cespitose. |
Culms | 30-90 cm tall, to 3 mm thick, erect. |
20-70 cm tall, to 3 mm thick, sometimes geniculate at the base. |
Sheaths | retrorsely pilose, sometimes mostly glabrous, throats sometimes with hairs; auricles absent; ligules 1-4 mm, usually glabrous, obtuse, erose; blades 8-18 cm long, 3-9 mm wide, flat, sparsely pilose on both surfaces or the abaxial surfaces glabrous. |
usually smooth or scabridulous, sometimes slightly pubescent distally, not pilose at the throat; auricles absent; ligules 1-6 mm, densely hairy to ciliolate, acute to obtuse, erose; blades 6-13 cm long, 6-8 mm wide, flat, both surfaces glabrous, sometimes scabrous. |
Panicles | 12-25 cm, somewhat contracted or open; lower branches shorter than 10 cm, 2-3(5) per node, initially erect to ascending, spreading at maturity, with 1-2 spikelets variously distributed. |
9-20 cm long, 2-2.5 cm wide, dense; lower branches shorter than 10 cm, 2-4 per node, erect, with 1-2 spikelets variously distributed. |
Spikelets | 18-25 mm, elliptic to lanceolate, strongly laterally compressed, with 4-8 florets. |
20-40 mm, usually longer than the branches and pedicels, elliptic to lanceolate, strongly laterally compressed, crowded, overlapping, with 3-7 florets. |
Glumes | subequal, smooth or scabrous; lower glumes 8-12.5 mm, 3-veined; upper glumes 9.5-14 mm, 7-veined, about as long as the lowest lemma; lemmas 9.5-14 mm, lanceolate, laterally compressed, prominently 7-veined, strongly keeled at least distally, glabrous or pubescent distally or throughout, marginal hairs, if present, longer than those elsewhere, apices entire or with acute teeth shorter than 1 mm; awns 6-13 mm, sometimes slightly geniculate; anthers 0.4-0.5 mm. |
pubescent; lower glumes 8-12 mm, (3)5(7)-veined; upper glumes 10-13 mm, 7(9)-veined, shorter than the lowest lemma; lemmas 12-14 mm, lanceolate, laterally compressed, distinctly 9-11-veined, strongly keeled at least distally, more or less uniformly hairy, often with bronze hyaline margins, apices entire or with acute teeth shorter than 1 mm; awns (2)4-7 mm; anthers 2-4 mm. |
2n | = 84. |
= 56. |
Bromus arizonicus |
Bromus maritimus |
|
Distribution |
AZ; CA; NV; TX
|
CA; OR
|
Discussion | Bromus arizonicus grows in dry, open areas and disturbed ground of the southwest, usually below 2000 m. Its range extends from California and southern Nevada into Arizona, New Mexico, and northern Mexico. Stebbins et al. (1944) demonstrated that, like Bromus carinatus var. carinatus, B. arizonicus obtained three of its genomes from B. catharticus or a close relative, but the remaining three genomes are not homologous with those in B. carinatus, probably being derived from a species in a section other than Ceratochloa. The small anthers of B. arizonicus strongly suggest that most seed is produced by selfing. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Bromus maritimus grows in coastal sands from Lane County, Oregon, to Los Angeles County, California. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 24, p. 201. | FNA vol. 24, p. 202. |
Parent taxa | Poaceae > subfam. Pooideae > tribe Bromeae > Bromus > sect. Ceratochloa | Poaceae > subfam. Pooideae > tribe Bromeae > Bromus > sect. Ceratochloa |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | B. berteroanus var. excelsus | B. carinatus var. maritimus |
Name authority | (Shear) Stebbins | (Piper) Hitchc. |
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