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betonyleaf brickellbush

false boneset

Habit Perennials, 30–90 cm. Perennials, 30–200 cm (bases woody).
Stems

branched from bases, pubescent.

branched, pubescent.

Leaves

opposite;

petioles 1–5 mm;

blades 3-nerved from bases, oblong, obovate, or ovate, (15–)30–80 × 10–35 mm, bases cordate or truncate, margins crenate-serrate, apices acute to obtuse, faces sparsely pubescent and gland-dotted.

mostly opposite (alternate in vars. gracillima and texana);

petioles 0–10 mm;

blades 1- or 3-nerved from bases, lanceolate, lance-linear, lance-ovate, lance-rhombic, linear, or oblong, 25–100 × 0.5–40 mm, bases acute, margins entire or ± dentate (often revolute), apices obtuse to acuminate, faces glandular-pubescent.

Peduncles

2–15 mm, hispid to hirsute.

5–100 mm, glandular-pubescent.

Involucres

cylindric to narrowly campanulate, 8–12 mm.

cylindric to narrowly campanulate, 7–15 mm.

Florets

10–16;

corollas purplish, 7–9 mm.

6–35;

corollas pale yellow, yellow-green, pinkish lavender, or maroon, 4.5–6 mm.

Phyllaries

17–20 in 3–5 series, pale green, often purplish, 5–9-striate, unequal, margins narrowly scarious-ciliate (apices acute to acuminate);

outer lance-ovate (sparsely pubescent), inner narrowly lanceolate (glabrous).

22–26 in 4–6 series, green to stramineous, sometimes purple-tinged, 3–7-striate, unequal, margins scarious (often ciliate);

outer ovate to lance-ovate (puberulent, often densely gland-dotted, apices acute to acuminate), inner lanceolate (± gland-dotted, apices obtuse to aristate).

Heads

erect, usually in loose, paniculiform arrays, sometimes borne singly.

in paniculiform or corymbiform arrays.

Cypselae

3–4 mm, densely pubescent to velutinous;

pappi of 40–52 white, barbellate bristles.

2.7–5.5 mm, glabrous or strigose, sometimes hispidulous or velutinous and/or gland-dotted;

pappi of 20–28 white or tawny, usually plumose or subplumose, sometimes barbellate, bristles.

2n

= 18.

Brickellia betonicifolia

Brickellia eupatorioides

Phenology Flowering Jul–Oct.
Habitat Oak woodlands, open limestone hillsides
Elevation 1500–2000 m (4900–6600 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
AZ; NM; Mexico
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
AL; AR; AZ; CO; FL; GA; IA; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MD; MI; MN; MO; MS; MT; NC; ND; NE; NJ; NM; OH; OK; PA; SC; SD; TN; TX; UT; VA; WI; WV; Mexico
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Varieties 6 (6 in the flora).

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Key
1. Leaf blades lance-linear or linear, 0.5–3 mm wide
→ 2
1. Leaf blades lanceolate, lance-linear, lance-ovate, or lance-rhombic, 1–40 mm wide
→ 4
2. Florets 9–13
var. floridana
2. Florets 16–30
→ 3
3. Leaf blades 1–3 mm wide (lengths of proximal leaves greater than distals); involucres 8–13 mm
var. chlorolepis
3. Leaf blades 0.5–1 mm wide (lengths of proximal leaves equaling distals); involucres 5–10 mm
var. gracillima
4. Phyllaries: lengths of outers and mids 1/2–1 times inners, apices long-acuminate, usuallycontorted
var. texana
4. Phyllaries: lengths of outers and mids to 1/2 times inners, apices obtuse, acute, or acuminate, not contorted
→ 5
5. Leaves 1-nerved from bases; petioles 0–1 mm; heads borne singly or 2–3 in loose, paniculiform arrays
var. chlorolepis
5. Leaves 1- or 3-nerved from bases; petioles 0–10 mm; heads mostly 3–8 in dense, corymbiform arrays.
→ 6
6. Involucres 7–11 mm; florets 6–15
var. eupatorioides
6. Involucres 8–15 mm; florets 15–35
var. corymbulosa
Source FNA vol. 21, p. 495. FNA vol. 21, p. 498.
Parent taxa Asteraceae > tribe Eupatorieae > Brickellia Asteraceae > tribe Eupatorieae > Brickellia
Sibling taxa
B. amplexicaulis, B. atractyloides, B. baccharidea, B. brachyphylla, B. californica, B. chenopodina, B. cordifolia, B. coulteri, B. cylindracea, B. dentata, B. desertorum, B. eupatorioides, B. floribunda, B. frutescens, B. grandiflora, B. greenei, B. hinckleyi, B. incana, B. knappiana, B. laciniata, B. lemmonii, B. longifolia, B. microphylla, B. nevinii, B. oblongifolia, B. parvula, B. pringlei, B. rusbyi, B. simplex, B. venosa, B. veronicifolia
B. amplexicaulis, B. atractyloides, B. baccharidea, B. betonicifolia, B. brachyphylla, B. californica, B. chenopodina, B. cordifolia, B. coulteri, B. cylindracea, B. dentata, B. desertorum, B. floribunda, B. frutescens, B. grandiflora, B. greenei, B. hinckleyi, B. incana, B. knappiana, B. laciniata, B. lemmonii, B. longifolia, B. microphylla, B. nevinii, B. oblongifolia, B. parvula, B. pringlei, B. rusbyi, B. simplex, B. venosa, B. veronicifolia
Subordinate taxa
B. eupatorioides var. chlorolepis, B. eupatorioides var. corymbulosa, B. eupatorioides var. eupatorioides, B. eupatorioides var. floridana, B. eupatorioides var. gracillima, B. eupatorioides var. texana
Synonyms Kuhnia eupatorioides
Name authority A. Gray: Smithsonian Contr. Knowl. 5(6): 72. (1853) (Linnaeus) Shinners: Sida 4: 274. (1971)
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