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desert foxglove

Arizona desert foxglove, Wright's brachystigma

Habit Herbs, perennial; hemiparasitic, caudex woody. Perennials unbranched or branching at caudex.
Stems

erect, not fleshy, hirsutulous.

slender, 30–55 cm.

Leaves

cauline, in whorls of 3;

petiole absent;

blade not fleshy, not leathery, margins entire.

blade filiform-linear, 30–60 x 2–3 mm, proximals longer than distals.

Inflorescences

terminal, racemes;

bracts present.

racemes of paired flowers, occupying to 2/3 height of stem, bracts resembling foliage leaves.

Pedicels

present;

bracteoles absent.

11–30 mm.

Flowers

sepals 5, calyx nearly radially symmetric, broadly campanulate, lobes deltate;

petals 5, corolla yellow, bilabiate, subrotate, abaxial lobes 3, adaxial 2;

stamens 4, didynamous, filaments glabrescent proximally, villous distally;

staminode 0;

ovary 2-locular, placentation axile;

stigma clavate.

10–26 x 7–16 mm;

calyx 3–5 x 4–7 mm, lobes broadly deltate, 1–1.5 mm;

corolla abruptly inflating just beyond calyx, 24–30 mm diam., externally pubescent, internally glabrous, lobes orbiculate;

filaments 8–11 mm, anthers included, base bluntly sagittate, glabrous, locules equal, 5 mm;

ovary ovoid, 4–5 x 2–4 mm;

style incurving at maturity, 5–6 mm.

Capsules

dehiscence loculicidal.

with persistent calyces, globular-ovoid, 8–10 x 5–8 mm.

Seeds

100+, dark brown, ellipsoid, wings absent or present.

reticulate, 2 mm.

Brachystigma

Brachystigma wrightii

Phenology Flowering Aug–Oct; fruiting Oct–Dec.
Habitat Dry mountain slopes, often in oak chaparral.
Elevation 1200–2000 m. (3900–6600 ft.)
Distribution
from USDA
sw United States; n Mexico
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
AZ; NM; Mexico (Chihuahua, Sonora)
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Species 1.

Brachystigma is monospecific and narrowly restricted to dry mountain slopes of southeastern Arizona, southwestern New Mexico, and northern Mexico. F. W. Pennell (1928) differentiated it from the similar genus Agalinis by its yellow corollas, glabrous anthers, capitate stigmas, more acute capsules, and winged seeds. Phylogenetic analysis of three chloroplast genes supports this distinction (M. C. Neel and M. P. Cummings 2004). Further, Brachystigma may be differentiated from closely related genera Aureolaria, Dasistoma, and Seymeria by its leaves arranged in whorls of three, a characteristic unique in Orobanchaceae.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 17, p. 559. Author: Christopher P. Randle. FNA vol. 17, p. 559.
Parent taxa Orobanchaceae Orobanchaceae > Brachystigma
Subordinate taxa
B. wrightii
Synonyms Gerardia wrightii, Agalinis wrightii, Dasistoma wrightii
Name authority Pennell: Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 80: 432. (1928) (A. Gray) Pennell: Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 80: 433. (1928)
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