Flora of North America species comparison

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Boykinia

boykinia, brookfoam
Habit Herbs, rhizomatous, not stoloniferous (± stoloniferous in B. intermedia).
Flowering stems

erect, leafy, 10–130 cm, densely stipitate-glandular and eglandular-pubescent.
Leaves

in basal rosette and cauline;

cauline leaves similar to basal, gradually reduced distally to sessile bracts;

stipules present;

petiole densely stipitate-glandular;

basal leaf blades reniform to reniform-orbiculate or cordate, shallowly lobed to deeply cleft, base cordate, ultimate margins crenate to serrate, apex acute or rounded, surfaces stipitate-glandular, adaxial surface grooved over veins;

venation palmate.
Inflorescences

compound, dichasial cymes, terminal from terminal bud in rosette, branches (3–)5–20(–30)-flowered, bracteate.
Flowers

± radially symmetric;

hypanthium adnate 1/2–5/6 to ovary, free from ovary 0.7–3 mm, usually green, sometimes purple;

sepals 5, green to purple;

petals 5, white (sometimes with pink veins in B. richardsonii);

nectary tissue encircling base of styles at junction of ovary and free hypanthium;

stamens 5;

filaments linear to subulate; (anthers apiculate or obtuse);

ovary 2/3 to completely inferior, 2-locular, carpels connate proximally;

placentation axile;

styles 2;

stigmas 2.
Capsules

2-beaked.
Seeds

(ca. 50–500), usually black, (brown in B. richardsonii), ellipsoid, tuberculate (smooth in B. richardsonii).
x

= 7.

Boykinia
Distribution
from USDA
North America; nw Mexico; e Asia (Japan)
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Neoboykinia H. Hara; Therofon Rafinesque

Species 7 (6 in the flora).

The Japanese species is Boykinia lycoctonifolia (Maximovicz) Engler, which, based on its morphology, seems to be most closely related to B. aconitifolia.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)
Key
1. Inflorescence branches 3-flowered; seeds smooth.
B. richardsonii
1. Inflorescence branches 5-30-flowered; seeds tuberculate
→ 2
2. Leaf blades usually orbiculate-cordate, sometimes reniform, lobed to 1/2 their lengths; stipules of cauline leaves expansions from petiole base
→ 3
2. Leaf blades usually reniform, rarely cordate, lobed to 1/2-3/4 their lengths; stipules of cauline leaves foliaceous or expansions from petiole base
→ 4
3. Petals 2-3 times as long as sepals; basal leaf blades usually 3-9-lobed.
B. occidentalis
3. Petals shorter than or to 1.5 times as long as sepals; leaf blades shallowly and indistinctly lobed.
B. rotundifolia
4. Hypanthia saucer-shaped; petals suborbiculate to ovate, base contracted to claw, margins undulate.
B. major
4. Hypanthia campanulate to turbinate; petals ovate to spatulate, base tapered to claw, margins plane
→ 5
5. Rhizomes usually underground, not usually stoloniferous; stipules of cauline leaves usually expansions from petiole base, fringed with brown hairs, sometimes foliaceous; nectaries green.
B. aconitifolia
5. Rhizomes proliferating above ground, stoloniferous; stipules of cauline leaves usually foliaceous; nectaries greenish yellow.
B. intermedia
Source FNA vol. 8, p. 125. Author: Richard J. Gornall.
Parent taxa Saxifragaceae
Subordinate taxa
B. aconitifolia, B. intermedia, B. major, B. occidentalis, B. richardsonii, B. rotundifolia
Name authority Nuttall: J. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 7: 113. 1834, name conserved ,
Web links 
Unless otherwise noted, all data comes from the online version of the Flora of North America, who have made most of their content available via a Creative Commons license (CC BY 4.0).



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