Botrychium paradoxum |
Botrychium pinnatum |
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Paradox moonwort, peculiar moonwort, two-spike moonwort |
northern moonwort, northwestern moonwort, St. John |
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Pinnae | to 7 pairs, only slightly ascending, approximate to overlapping, distance between 1st and 2d pinnae not or slightly more than between 2d and 3d pairs, basal pinna pair approximately equal in size and cutting to adjacent pair, obliquely ovate to lanceolate-oblong, to spatulate, deeply and regularly lobed or pinnulate, lobed to tip, margins entire to very shallowly crenate, apex truncate to somewhat acute, venation pinnate. |
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Sporophores | double, 2 per leaf, 1-pinnate, 0.5–4 cm. |
2-pinnate, 1–2 times length of trophophore. |
Trophophore(s) | converted entirely to second fertile segment, stalk 1/2 length of fertile segment. |
stalk 0–2 mm, 0 to 0.1 times length of trophophore rachis; blade bright shiny green, oblong-deltate, 1–2-pinnate, to 8 × 5 cm, papery. |
2n | =180. |
=180. |
Botrychium paradoxum |
Botrychium pinnatum |
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Phenology | Leaves appearing in June to August. | |
Habitat | Sporophores in June to August. Difficult to detect, plants usually hidden under other vegetation, in snowfields, secondary growth pastures | Grassy slopes, streambanks, woods |
Elevation | 1500–3000 m (4900–9800 ft) | 0–2500 m (0–8200 ft) |
Distribution |
MT; UT; AB; BC; SK
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AK; CA; CO; ID; MT; NV; OR; UT; WA; WY; AB; BC; NT; YT
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Discussion | The leaf structure of Botrychium paradoxum is uniform and unique. Very rare teratological individuals of other moonwort species may have trophophores partially or wholly transformed into sporophores. Botrychium × watertonense W.H. Wagner, known only from one locality in western Alberta, is the sterile hybrid of B. hesperium and B. paradoxum. It can be identified by its trophophore pinnae; all are bordered with sporangia. It may reproduce by some unknown mechanism, such as unreduced spores (W.H. Wagner Jr., F. S. Wagner, et al. 1984). Of conservation concern. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Botrychium pinnatum is most commonly associated with B. lanceolatum and B. lunaria. Specimens of B. pinnatum have been misidentified as Botrychium boreale. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 2. | FNA vol. 2. |
Parent taxa | Ophioglossaceae > Botrychium > subg. Botrychium | Ophioglossaceae > Botrychium > subg. Botrychium |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | B. boreale subsp. obtusilobum | |
Name authority | W. H. Wagner: Amer. Fern J. 71: 24. (1981) | H. St. John: Amer. Fern J. 19: 11. (1929) |
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