Botrychium multifidum |
Botrychium pumicola |
|
---|---|---|
botryche à feuille couchée, leather grapefern, leathery grapefern |
Crater Lake grapefern, pumice moonwort |
|
Pinnae | to 10 pairs, approximate to remote, horizontal to ascending, distance between 1st and 2d pinnae not or slightly more than between 2d and 3d pairs, divided to tip. |
to 6 pairs, overlapping, strongly ascending, distance between 1st and 2d pinnae not or slightly more than between 2d and 3d pairs, asymmetrically cuneate, basal pinna pair often divided into 2 unequal parts, lobed to tip, margins entire, sinuate to shallowly crenate, apex rounded to truncate, venation pinnate. |
Trophophore | stalk 2–15 cm, 0.3–1.2 times length of trophophore rachis; blade shiny green, plane, ternate, 2–3-pinnate, to 25 × 35 cm, leathery. |
stalk 0–10 mm, 0.1–0.5 times length of trophophore rachis; blade dull, glaucous, whitish green, deltate, 2-pinnate, 4 × 6 cm, thickly leathery. |
Pinnules | obliquely ovate, rounded, margins usually ± entire to shallowly crenulate, sometimes inconspicuously and shallowly denticulate, apex rounded, venation pinnate. |
|
Sporophores | 2–3-pinnate, 1.2 times length of trophophore. |
1–3-pinnate, 1–1.5 times length of trophophore. |
2n | =90. |
=90. |
Botrychium multifidum |
Botrychium pumicola |
|
Phenology | Leaves green over winter, appearing in spring. | Leaves appearing in summer. |
Habitat | Widespread mainly in fields | Pumice scree |
Elevation | 0–3000 m (0–9800 ft) | 1900–2500m (6200–8200ft) |
Distribution |
AK; AZ; CA; CO; CT; IA; ID; IL; IN; MA; ME; MI; MN; MT; ND; NH; NJ; NV; NY; OH; OR; PA; RI; SD; UT; VA; VT; WA; WI; WV; WY; AB; BC; MB; NB; NF; NS; NT; ON; QC; SK; Greenland; Europe; nw Asia |
OR |
Discussion | Botrychium multifidum is rather similar to B. robustum (Ruprecht) L.Underwood of Japan, eastern China, and the former Soviet republics. Specimens identified as B. robustum have been collected on Unalaska Island. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Botrychium pumicola is a famous narrow endemic known from only a few colonies on fully exposed pumice scree on the sides of and in the general vicinity of Crater Lake, Klamath and Deschutes counties, Oregon. This plant has a very congested appearance with an extremely compact sporangial cluster and overlapping pinnae. Like most other members of subg. Botrychium, the trophophore is located high on the common stalk, but the common stalk is subterranean, giving the impression that the leaf originates near ground level. Botrychium pumicola has been found growing with B. lanceolatum and B. simplex. Of conservation concern. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 2. | FNA vol. 2. |
Parent taxa | Ophioglossaceae > Botrychium > subg. Sceptridium > sect. Sceptridium | Ophioglossaceae > Botrychium > subg. Botrychium |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Osmunda multifida, B. californicum, B. coulteri, B. silaifolium | |
Name authority | (S. G. Gmelin) Ruprecht: Bemerk. Botrychium 40. (1859) | Coville: in L. Underwood, Native Ferns ed. 6 69. (1900) |
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