Botrychium multifidum |
Botrychium montanum |
|
---|---|---|
botryche à feuille couchée, leather grapefern, leathery grapefern |
mountain moonwort, western goblin |
|
Pinnae | to 10 pairs, approximate to remote, horizontal to ascending, distance between 1st and 2d pinnae not or slightly more than between 2d and 3d pairs, divided to tip. |
or lobes to 6 pairs, ascending, mostly widely separated, distance between 1st and 2d pinnae not or slightly more than between 2d and 3d pairs, extremely variable in outline, linear to cuneate, undivided to tip, margins entire to coarsely dentate, distal pinnae or blade tip cut into 3–5 lobes, apex angular, venation like ribs of fan, midrib absent. |
Trophophore | stalk 2–15 cm, 0.3–1.2 times length of trophophore rachis; blade shiny green, plane, ternate, 2–3-pinnate, to 25 × 35 cm, leathery. |
stalk 0.3–2 cm, 0.2–0.5 times length of rachis; blade dull, glaucous, gray-green, mostly linear, lobed to 1-pinnate, to 6 × 0.7 cm, somewhat succulent. |
Pinnules | obliquely ovate, rounded, margins usually ± entire to shallowly crenulate, sometimes inconspicuously and shallowly denticulate, apex rounded, venation pinnate. |
|
Sporophores | 2–3-pinnate, 1.2 times length of trophophore. |
1-pinnate, 1.5–4.5 times length of sporophore. |
2n | =90. |
=90. |
Botrychium multifidum |
Botrychium montanum |
|
Phenology | Leaves green over winter, appearing in spring. | Leaves appearing in late spring to late summer. |
Habitat | Widespread mainly in fields | Dark coniferous forests, usually near swamps and streams |
Elevation | 0–3000 m (0–9800 ft) | 1000–2000 m (3300–6600 ft) |
Distribution |
AK; AZ; CA; CO; CT; IA; ID; IL; IN; MA; ME; MI; MN; MT; ND; NH; NJ; NV; NY; OH; OR; PA; RI; SD; UT; VA; VT; WA; WI; WV; WY; AB; BC; MB; NB; NF; NS; NT; ON; QC; SK; Greenland; Europe; nw Asia |
CA; MT; OR; WA; BC
|
Discussion | Botrychium multifidum is rather similar to B. robustum (Ruprecht) L.Underwood of Japan, eastern China, and the former Soviet republics. Specimens identified as B. robustum have been collected on Unalaska Island. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Botrychium montanum may come to be recognized as a subspecies of the eastern B. mormo, from which it differs in lacking an attached gametophyte and in having a more dissected trophophore apex, glaucous blades, shorter trophophore stalk, earlier seasonal development, and full opening of sporangia when mature. Botrychium montanum and B. mormo differ from B. simplex in being more robust and in having truncate, adnate, lateral lobes on the trophophore blade and dentate to deeply cleft trophophore apex. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 2. | FNA vol. 2. |
Parent taxa | Ophioglossaceae > Botrychium > subg. Sceptridium > sect. Sceptridium | Ophioglossaceae > Botrychium > subg. Botrychium |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Osmunda multifida, B. californicum, B. coulteri, B. silaifolium | |
Name authority | (S. G. Gmelin) Ruprecht: Bemerk. Botrychium 40. (1859) | W. H. Wagner: Amer. Fern J. 71: 29. (1981) |
Web links |
|
|