The green links below add additional plants to the comparison table. Blue links lead to other Web sites.
enable glossary links

botryche élancé, lance-leaf grapefern, lance-leaf moonwort, red triangle moonwort, triangle moonwort

botryche à limbe rugueux, St. Lawrence grapefern, ternate grapefern

Pinnae

to 5 pairs, ascending, approximate, distance between 1st and 2d pinnae not or slightly more than between 2d and 3d pairs, linear to broadly lanceolate, entire to divided to tip, margins with distinct lobes or segments, apex acute to rounded, venation pinnate.

to 9 pairs, usually approximate, horizontal to ascending, distance between 1st and 2d pinnae not or slightly more than between 2d and 3d pairs, divided to tip.

Trophophore

stalk 0–1 mm;

blade dull to shiny green to dark green, deltate, 1–2-pinnate, to 6 × 7 cm.

stalk 2 to 15 cm, 1–2.5 times length of trophophore rachis;

blade green, finely rugulose and convex distally, 2–4-pinnate, to 15 × 26 cm, somewhat herbaceous.

Sporophores

1–3-pinnate, 1–2.5 times length of trophophore, divided into several equally long branches (all other botrychiums have a single stalk or 1 dominant and 2 smaller).

2-pinnate, 1–2 times length of trophophore.

Pinnules

obliquely and angularly trowel-shaped to spatulate, margins usually denticulate, apex acute, venation pinnate.

2n

=90.

=90.

Botrychium lanceolatum

Botrychium rugulosum

Phenology Leaves green over winter, appearing in midspring.
Habitat In open fields and secondary forests over wide range in vicinity of St. Lawrence Seaway
Elevation 200–1000 m (700–3300 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
AK; AZ; CO; CT; ID; KY; MA; ME; MI; MN; MT; NH; NJ; NM; NV; NY; OH; OR; PA; RI; TN; UT; VA; VT; WA; WI; WV; WY; AB; BC; NB; NF; NS; ON; QC; SK; YT; Eurasia
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
MI; MN; NY; VT; WI; ON; QC
Discussion

Subspecies 2 (2 in the flora).

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

The name "rugulosum" refers to the tendency of the segments to become more or less wrinkled and convex. Botrychium rugulosum occurs with B. dissectum, B. multifidum, and rarely B. oneidense. It is often found in small stands of only 5–10 individuals, but some populations number over 100.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Key
1. Trophophore blade green to pale yellow-green, broad, coarse, succulent; middle and terminal segments usually more than 2 mm wide exclusive of lobes.
subsp. lanceolatum
1. Trophophore blade dark green, slender, delicate but firm; middle segments usually less than 2 mm wide exclusive of lobes.
subsp. angustisegmentum
Source FNA vol. 2. FNA vol. 2.
Parent taxa Ophioglossaceae > Botrychium > subg. Botrychium Ophioglossaceae > Botrychium > subg. Sceptridium > sect. Sceptridium
Sibling taxa
B. acuminatum, B. ascendens, B. biternatum, B. boreale, B. campestre, B. crenulatum, B. dissectum, B. echo, B. gallicomontanum, B. hesperium, B. jenmanii, B. lunaria, B. lunarioides, B. matricariifolium, B. minganense, B. montanum, B. mormo, B. multifidum, B. oneidense, B. pallidum, B. paradoxum, B. pedunculosum, B. pinnatum, B. pseudopinnatum, B. pumicola, B. rugulosum, B. simplex, B. spathulatum, B. virginianum
B. acuminatum, B. ascendens, B. biternatum, B. boreale, B. campestre, B. crenulatum, B. dissectum, B. echo, B. gallicomontanum, B. hesperium, B. jenmanii, B. lanceolatum, B. lunaria, B. lunarioides, B. matricariifolium, B. minganense, B. montanum, B. mormo, B. multifidum, B. oneidense, B. pallidum, B. paradoxum, B. pedunculosum, B. pinnatum, B. pseudopinnatum, B. pumicola, B. simplex, B. spathulatum, B. virginianum
Subordinate taxa
B. lanceolatum subsp. angustisegmentum, B. lanceolatum subsp. lanceolatum
Synonyms Osmunda lanceolata B. multifidum
Name authority (S. G. Gmelin) Angström: Bot. Not. 1854: 68. (1854) W. H. Wagner: Contr. Univ. Michigan Herb. 15: 315. (1982)
Web links