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botryche élancé, lance-leaf grapefern, lance-leaf moonwort, red triangle moonwort, triangle moonwort

Alabama grapefern, Dixie grapefern

Pinnae

to 5 pairs, ascending, approximate, distance between 1st and 2d pinnae not or slightly more than between 2d and 3d pairs, linear to broadly lanceolate, entire to divided to tip, margins with distinct lobes or segments, apex acute to rounded, venation pinnate.

to 5 pairs, well separated, slightly descending to ascending, distance between 1st and 2d pinnae not or slightly more than between 2d and 3d pairs;

basal pinnae remotely alternate and long-stalked (basal pinnae in all other botrychiums are opposite to subopposite and short-stalked), divided to tip.

Trophophore

stalk 0–1 mm;

blade dull to shiny green to dark green, deltate, 1–2-pinnate, to 6 × 7 cm.

stalk 2–15 cm, 0.8–1.2 times length of trophophore rachis;

blade somewhat dull gray-green, plane, 3-pinnate, to 18 × 26 cm, herbaceous.

Sporophores

1–3-pinnate, 1–2.5 times length of trophophore, divided into several equally long branches (all other botrychiums have a single stalk or 1 dominant and 2 smaller).

2-pinnate, 1.2–2.5 times length of trophophore.

Pinnules

ovate to fan-shaped, margins uniformly denticulate, apex rounded, venation like ribs of fan with short midrib.

2n

=90.

=180.

Botrychium lanceolatum

Botrychium jenmanii

Phenology Leaves green over winter, arising at variable times during last half of summer, meiosis as late as September.
Habitat Woods and grassy places
Elevation 50–500 m (200–1600 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
AK; AZ; CO; CT; ID; KY; MA; ME; MI; MN; MT; NH; NJ; NM; NV; NY; OH; OR; PA; RI; TN; UT; VA; VT; WA; WI; WV; WY; AB; BC; NB; NF; NS; ON; QC; SK; YT; Eurasia
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
AL; FL; GA; LA; MS; NC; SC; TN; VA; West Indies in Greater Antilles
Discussion

Subspecies 2 (2 in the flora).

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Botrychium jenmanii occurs in a variety of habitats. In hardwoods and especially pine woods, it is associated with B. biternatum; in open grassy places and lawns it is found with B. lunarioides. In many ways, B. jenmanii is intermediate between B. biternatum and B. lunarioides, and it is possibly their allopolyploid derivative (W. H. Wagner Jr. 1968). It is the only tetraploid among New World members of subg. Sceptidrium.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Key
1. Trophophore blade green to pale yellow-green, broad, coarse, succulent; middle and terminal segments usually more than 2 mm wide exclusive of lobes.
subsp. lanceolatum
1. Trophophore blade dark green, slender, delicate but firm; middle segments usually less than 2 mm wide exclusive of lobes.
subsp. angustisegmentum
Source FNA vol. 2. FNA vol. 2.
Parent taxa Ophioglossaceae > Botrychium > subg. Botrychium Ophioglossaceae > Botrychium > subg. Sceptridium > sect. Sceptridium
Sibling taxa
B. acuminatum, B. ascendens, B. biternatum, B. boreale, B. campestre, B. crenulatum, B. dissectum, B. echo, B. gallicomontanum, B. hesperium, B. jenmanii, B. lunaria, B. lunarioides, B. matricariifolium, B. minganense, B. montanum, B. mormo, B. multifidum, B. oneidense, B. pallidum, B. paradoxum, B. pedunculosum, B. pinnatum, B. pseudopinnatum, B. pumicola, B. rugulosum, B. simplex, B. spathulatum, B. virginianum
B. acuminatum, B. ascendens, B. biternatum, B. boreale, B. campestre, B. crenulatum, B. dissectum, B. echo, B. gallicomontanum, B. hesperium, B. lanceolatum, B. lunaria, B. lunarioides, B. matricariifolium, B. minganense, B. montanum, B. mormo, B. multifidum, B. oneidense, B. pallidum, B. paradoxum, B. pedunculosum, B. pinnatum, B. pseudopinnatum, B. pumicola, B. rugulosum, B. simplex, B. spathulatum, B. virginianum
Subordinate taxa
B. lanceolatum subsp. angustisegmentum, B. lanceolatum subsp. lanceolatum
Synonyms Osmunda lanceolata B. alabamense
Name authority (S. G. Gmelin) Angström: Bot. Not. 1854: 68. (1854) L. Underwood: Fern Bull. 8: 59. (1900)
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