Botrychium lanceolatum |
Botrychium biternatum |
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botryche élancé, lance-leaf grapefern, lance-leaf moonwort, red triangle moonwort, triangle moonwort |
southern grapefern, sparse-lobed grapefern, sparselobe grapefern |
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Pinnae | to 5 pairs, ascending, approximate, distance between 1st and 2d pinnae not or slightly more than between 2d and 3d pairs, linear to broadly lanceolate, entire to divided to tip, margins with distinct lobes or segments, apex acute to rounded, venation pinnate. |
to 7 pairs, usually remote, horizontal, distance between 1st and 2d pinnae not or slightly more than between 2d and 3d pairs, undivided except in proximal 2/3–1/2. |
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Trophophore | stalk 0–1 mm; blade dull to shiny green to dark green, deltate, 1–2-pinnate, to 6 × 7 cm. |
stalk 4–20 cm, 2–2.5 times length of trophophore rachis; blade green to dark green, plane, 2–3-pinnate, to 18 × 28 cm, herbaceous. |
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Sporophores | 1–3-pinnate, 1–2.5 times length of trophophore, divided into several equally long branches (all other botrychiums have a single stalk or 1 dominant and 2 smaller). |
1–2-pinnate, 2–3 times length of trophophore. |
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Pinnules | elongate, obliquely lanceolate to narrowly lanceolate, margins nearly parallel and finely denticulate, apex short-acuminate, venation pinnate. |
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2n | =90. |
=90. |
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Botrychium lanceolatum |
Botrychium biternatum |
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Phenology | Leaves green over winter, sporophores seasonal, new leaves appearing in late spring–early summer. | |||||
Habitat | Frequent in low woods and brushy fields | |||||
Elevation | 0–600 m (0–2000 ft) | |||||
Distribution |
AK; AZ; CO; CT; ID; KY; MA; ME; MI; MN; MT; NH; NJ; NM; NV; NY; OH; OR; PA; RI; TN; UT; VA; VT; WA; WI; WV; WY; AB; BC; NB; NF; NS; ON; QC; SK; YT; Eurasia
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AL; AR; DE; FL; GA; IL; IN; KY; LA; MD; MO; MS; NC; NJ; OH; OK; PA; SC; TN; TX; VA; WV
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Discussion | Subspecies 2 (2 in the flora). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Botrychium biternatum often grows with B. dissectum and B. jenmanii. The name B. biternatum was misapplied by L.Underwood to B. lunarioides (W.H. Wagner Jr. 1961). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Key |
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Source | FNA vol. 2. | FNA vol. 2. | ||||
Parent taxa | Ophioglossaceae > Botrychium > subg. Botrychium | Ophioglossaceae > Botrychium > subg. Sceptridium > sect. Sceptridium | ||||
Sibling taxa | ||||||
Subordinate taxa | ||||||
Synonyms | Osmunda lanceolata | Osmunda biternata, B. dissectum var. tenuifolium, B. tenuifolium | ||||
Name authority | (S. G. Gmelin) Angström: Bot. Not. 1854: 68. (1854) | (Savigny) L. Underwood: Bot. Gaz. 22: 407. (1896) | ||||
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