Botrychium hesperium |
Botrychium lunaria |
|
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western moonwort |
botryche lunaire, common moonwort, moonwort grapefern |
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Pinnae | to 6 pairs, ascending, usually approximate or overlapping except in shade forms, distance between 1st and 2d pinnae not or slightly more than between 2d and 3d pairs, basal pinna pair commonly much larger and more divided than adjacent pair, lobed to tip, basal pair oblong to oblong-lanceolate with lobed margins, remainder broadly spatulate with entire margins or 1 or more shallow lobes, apex rounded, venation pinnate. |
to 9 pairs, spreading, mostly overlapping except in shaded forest forms, distance between 1st and 2d pinnae not or slightly more than between 2d and 3d pairs, basal pinna pair approximately equal in size and cutting to adjacent pair, broadly fan-shaped, undivided to tip, margins mainly entire or undulate, rarely dentate, apical lobe usually cuneate to spatulate, notched, approximate to adjacent lobes, apex rounded, venation like ribs of fan, midribs absent. |
Trophophore | stalk 0–3(–10) mm, to 1/4 length of trophophore rachis; blade ± gray-green, dull, oblong-linear to deltate, 1–2-pinnate, to 6 × 5 cm, firm. |
stalk 0–1 mm; blade dark green, oblong, 1-pinnate, to 10 × 4 cm, thick, fleshy. |
Sporophores | 1–3 pinnate, 2–3 times length of trophophore. |
1–2-pinnate, 0.8–2 times length of trophophore. |
2n | =180. |
=90. |
Botrychium hesperium |
Botrychium lunaria |
|
Phenology | Leaves appearing in midspring, dying in early fall. | Leaves appearing in spring, dying in latter half of summer. |
Habitat | Grassy mountain slopes, snow fields, road ditches with willows, and sand dunes | Open fields, occasionally forests in southern occurrences |
Elevation | 200–2800 m (700–9200 ft) | 0–3700 m (0–12100 ft) |
Distribution |
AZ; CO; ID; MI; MT; UT; WY; AB; BC; ON; SK
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AK; AZ; CA; CO; ID; MA; ME; MI; MN; MT; NH; NM; NV; NY; OR; PA; SD; UT; VT; WA; WI; WY; AB; BC; MB; NB; NF; NS; NT; ON; PE; QC; SK; YT; SPM; Pacific Islands in New Zealand; Greenland; Eurasia; s South America; Australia
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Discussion | In the Rocky Mountains Botrychium hesperium grows often with B. echo, and in the Lake Superior region, with B. acuminatum and B. matricariifolium. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Botrychium lunaria grows with many other species of Botrychium, occasionally hybridizing with them. This species, geographically the most widespread of the moonworts, has notably uniform morphology. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 2. | FNA vol. 2. |
Parent taxa | Ophioglossaceae > Botrychium > subg. Botrychium | Ophioglossaceae > Botrychium > subg. Botrychium |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | B. matricariifolium subsp. hesperium | Osmunda lunaria, B. onondagense |
Name authority | (Maxon & R. T. Clausen) W. H. Wagner & Lellinger: Amer. Fern J. 71: 92. (1981) | (Linnaeus) Swartz: J. Bot. (Schrader) 1800(2): 110. (1801) |
Web links |