Botrychium crenulatum |
Botrychium multifidum |
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crenulate moonwort, dainty moonwort, scalloped moonwort |
botryche à feuille couchée, leather grapefern, leathery grapefern |
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Pinnae | to 5 pairs, spreading, well separated, distance between 1st and 2d pinnae not or slightly more than between 2d and 3d pairs, basal pinna pair approximately equal in size and cutting to adjacent pair, broadly fan-shaped, undivided to tip, margins mainly crenulate to dentate, proximal pinnae with 1 or more shallow incisions, apex rounded, apical lobe linear to linear-cuneate, well separated from adjacent lobes, venation like ribs of fan, midrib absent. |
to 10 pairs, approximate to remote, horizontal to ascending, distance between 1st and 2d pinnae not or slightly more than between 2d and 3d pairs, divided to tip. |
Trophophore | stalk 0.5–7 mm; blade yellow-green, oblong, 1-pinnate, to 6 × 2 cm, thin, herbaceous. |
stalk 2–15 cm, 0.3–1.2 times length of trophophore rachis; blade shiny green, plane, ternate, 2–3-pinnate, to 25 × 35 cm, leathery. |
Sporophores | 1–2-pinnate, 1.3–3 times length of trophophore. |
2–3-pinnate, 1.2 times length of trophophore. |
Pinnules | obliquely ovate, rounded, margins usually ± entire to shallowly crenulate, sometimes inconspicuously and shallowly denticulate, apex rounded, venation pinnate. |
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2n | =90. |
=90. |
Botrychium crenulatum |
Botrychium multifidum |
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Phenology | Leaves appearing in mid to late spring, dying in late summer; in extremely dry years of shorter duration or not appearing at all. | Leaves green over winter, appearing in spring. |
Habitat | Local in marshy and springy areas | Widespread mainly in fields |
Elevation | 1200–2500 m (3900–8200 ft) | 0–3000 m (0–9800 ft) |
Distribution |
AZ; CA; ID; MT; NV; OR; UT; WA; WY
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AK; AZ; CA; CO; CT; IA; ID; IL; IN; MA; ME; MI; MN; MT; ND; NH; NJ; NV; NY; OH; OR; PA; RI; SD; UT; VA; VT; WA; WI; WV; WY; AB; BC; MB; NB; NF; NS; NT; ON; QC; SK; Greenland; Europe; nw Asia |
Discussion | Botrychium crenulatum is commonly associated with B. simplex in California. In the Wallowa Mountains of Oregon it occurs with B. ascendens, B. lunaria, and B. minganense. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Botrychium multifidum is rather similar to B. robustum (Ruprecht) L.Underwood of Japan, eastern China, and the former Soviet republics. Specimens identified as B. robustum have been collected on Unalaska Island. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 2. | FNA vol. 2. |
Parent taxa | Ophioglossaceae > Botrychium > subg. Botrychium | Ophioglossaceae > Botrychium > subg. Sceptridium > sect. Sceptridium |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Osmunda multifida, B. californicum, B. coulteri, B. silaifolium | |
Name authority | W. H. Wagner: Amer. Fern J. 71: 21. (1981) | (S. G. Gmelin) Ruprecht: Bemerk. Botrychium 40. (1859) |
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