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crenulate moonwort, dainty moonwort, scalloped moonwort

prostrate grapefern, winter grapefern

Pinnae

to 5 pairs, spreading, well separated, distance between 1st and 2d pinnae not or slightly more than between 2d and 3d pairs, basal pinna pair approximately equal in size and cutting to adjacent pair, broadly fan-shaped, undivided to tip, margins mainly crenulate to dentate, proximal pinnae with 1 or more shallow incisions, apex rounded, apical lobe linear to linear-cuneate, well separated from adjacent lobes, venation like ribs of fan, midrib absent.

to 5 pairs, usually well separated, horizontal, distance between 1st and 2d pinnae not or slightly more than between 2d and 3d pairs, divided to tip.

Trophophore

stalk 0.5–7 mm;

blade yellow-green, oblong, 1-pinnate, to 6 × 2 cm, thin, herbaceous.

stalk 0.1–1 cm;

blades usually pale green, plane, 2–3-pinnate, to 8 × 12 cm, often much smaller, fleshy.

Sporophores

1–2-pinnate, 1.3–3 times length of trophophore.

2-pinnate, 1–2 times length of trophophores.

Pinnules

fan-shaped, margins denticulate, apex rounded, venation like ribs of fan, midrib absent.

2n

=90.

=90.

Botrychium crenulatum

Botrychium lunarioides

Phenology Leaves appearing in mid to late spring, dying in late summer; in extremely dry years of shorter duration or not appearing at all. Leaves appearing in late fall and dying in early spring.
Habitat Local in marshy and springy areas In open grassy places in prairies, cemeteries, and weedy roadsides
Elevation 1200–2500 m (3900–8200 ft) 0–250 m (0–800 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
AZ; CA; ID; MT; NV; OR; UT; WA; WY
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
AL; AR; FL; GA; LA; MS; NC; SC; TX
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Discussion

Botrychium crenulatum is commonly associated with B. simplex in California. In the Wallowa Mountains of Oregon it occurs with B. ascendens, B. lunaria, and B. minganense.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

The stalk and proximal part of rachis of Botrychium lunarioides contains huge tracheidal idioblasts with annular thickenings, visible in cleared leaves (H.J. Arnott 1960). Another peculiarity of this species is the tendency for the sporophores to remain curled in late fall and early winter and to become erect in February. Botrychium lunarioides is often associated with Schizachyrium scoparius Michaux and Ophioglossum crotalophoroides Walter. The name B. biternatum was misapplied by L.Underwood to B. lunarioides.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 2. FNA vol. 2.
Parent taxa Ophioglossaceae > Botrychium > subg. Botrychium Ophioglossaceae > Botrychium > subg. Sceptridium > sect. Hiemobotrychium
Sibling taxa
B. acuminatum, B. ascendens, B. biternatum, B. boreale, B. campestre, B. dissectum, B. echo, B. gallicomontanum, B. hesperium, B. jenmanii, B. lanceolatum, B. lunaria, B. lunarioides, B. matricariifolium, B. minganense, B. montanum, B. mormo, B. multifidum, B. oneidense, B. pallidum, B. paradoxum, B. pedunculosum, B. pinnatum, B. pseudopinnatum, B. pumicola, B. rugulosum, B. simplex, B. spathulatum, B. virginianum
B. acuminatum, B. ascendens, B. biternatum, B. boreale, B. campestre, B. crenulatum, B. dissectum, B. echo, B. gallicomontanum, B. hesperium, B. jenmanii, B. lanceolatum, B. lunaria, B. matricariifolium, B. minganense, B. montanum, B. mormo, B. multifidum, B. oneidense, B. pallidum, B. paradoxum, B. pedunculosum, B. pinnatum, B. pseudopinnatum, B. pumicola, B. rugulosum, B. simplex, B. spathulatum, B. virginianum
Synonyms Botrypus lunarioides
Name authority W. H. Wagner: Amer. Fern J. 71: 21. (1981) (Michaux) Swartz: Syn. Fil. 172. (1806)
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