Botrychium ascendens |
Botrychium virginianum |
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trianglelobe moonwort, upswept moonwort |
botryche de virginie, common grapefern, rattlesnake fern |
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Pinnae | to 5 pairs, strongly ascending, well separated, distance between 1st and 2d pinnae not or slightly more than between 2d and 3d pairs, basal pinna pair approximately equal in size and cutting to adjacent pair, obliquely narrowly cuneate, undivided to tip, margins sharply denticulate and often shallowly incised, apex rounded, venation like ribs of fan, midrib absent. |
to 12 pairs, usually approximate to overlapping, slightly ascending, distance between 1st and 2d pinnae not or slightly more than between 2d and 3d pairs, lanceolate, divided to tip. |
Trophophore | stalk 3–10 mm, 1/6 length of trophophore rachis; blade yellow-green, oblong to oblong-lanceolate, 1-pinnate, to 6 × 1.5 cm, thin but firm. |
sessile; blade pale green, 3–4-pinnate, to 25 × 33 cm, thin, herbaceous. |
Sporophores | 2-pinnate at base of sporangial cluster, 1.3–2 times length of trophophore. |
2-pinnate, 0.5–1.5(–2) times length of trophophore. |
Pinnules | lanceolate and deeply lobed, lobes linear, serrate, apex pointed, venation pinnate, midrib present. |
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2n | =180. |
=184. |
Botrychium ascendens |
Botrychium virginianum |
|
Phenology | Leaves appearing in late spring to midsummer. | Leaves seasonal, appearing in early spring and dying in late summer. |
Habitat | In grassy fields, widely scattered | Common to abundant, especially in shaded forests and shrubby second growth, rare or absent in arid regions |
Elevation | 0–2500 m (0–8200 ft) | 0–1500 m (0–4900 ft) |
Distribution |
AK; CA; MT; NV; OR; WY; BC; ON; YT
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AK; AL; AR; AZ; CO; CT; DC; DE; FL; GA; IA; ID; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MA; MD; ME; MI; MN; MO; MS; MT; NC; ND; NE; NH; NJ; NM; NV; NY; OH; OK; OR; PA; RI; SC; SD; TN; TX; UT; VA; VT; WA; WI; WV; WY; AB; BC; MB; NB; NF; NS; NT; ON; PE; QC; SK; YT; Mexico; Central America; South America in Brazil; Colombia; Ecuador; Peru; Eurasia |
Discussion | Botrychium ascendens is a distinctive little moonwort that grows with B. crenulatum, B. lunaria, and B. minganense. This species and B. pedunculosum are the only grapeferns that often have extra sporangia on the proximal pinnae. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Botrychium virginianum is the most widespread Botrychium in North America. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 2. | FNA vol. 2. |
Parent taxa | Ophioglossaceae > Botrychium > subg. Botrychium | Ophioglossaceae > Botrychium > subg. Osmundopteris |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Osmunda virginiana | |
Name authority | W. H. Wagner: Amer. Fern J. 76: 36, figs. 1, 2. (1986) | (Linnaeus) Swartz: J. Bot. (Schrader) 1800(2): 111. (1801) |
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