Boerhavia spicata |
Boerhavia wrightii |
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creeping spiderling |
largebract spiderling, Wright's boerhavia, Wright's spiderling |
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Habit | Herbs, annual; taproot tapered, soft or ± woody. | Herbs, annual; taproot tapered, soft or ± woody. |
Stems | erect or ascending, sparingly branched throughout, 30–70 dm, densely glandular-villous, or glandular-puberulent, with spreading, nonglandular hairs basally, glabrous distally. |
erect or ascending, unbranched in small plants to ca. 1–5 times branched throughout, 20–60 dm, densely glandular-pubescent throughout. |
Leaves | mostly in basal 1/2; larger leaves with petiole 10–30 mm, blade oval, oblong, ovate, or ± triangular, 18–45 × 13–30 mm (distal leaves usually smaller, sometimes longer, proportionately narrower), adaxial surface lightly to densely glandular-pubescent, abaxial surface paler than adaxial, lightly to densely glandular-pubescent, neither surface punctate or both minutely punctate with clusters of brown cells, base truncate, round, or obtuse, margins sinuate, sometimes crisped, apex round to obtuse, rarely acute. |
mostly in basal 1/2; larger leaves with petiole 5–35 mm, blade ovate-triangular, ovate, or broadly lanceolate, 15–55 × 7–35 mm (distal leaves smaller, proportionately narrower), adaxial surface usually pubescent, often glandular, sometimes glabrate but with hairs along midrib, abaxial surface similar, somewhat paler, both surfaces often finely punctate with groups of brown cells, base usually round to obtuse, occasionally subtruncate, margins ± sinuate, apex acute, occasionally obtuse. |
Inflorescences | terminal and axillary, branched 1–4 times unequally, with sticky internodal bands; branches strongly ascending, terminating in spicate or racemose flower clusters, axis 10–55 mm. |
terminal, branched ca. 1–4 times unequally, without sticky internodal bands; branches strongly ascending, terminating in spicate or racemose flower clusters, axis 10–35 mm. |
Flowers | pedicel 0.4–2.3[–3.7] mm; bracts at base of perianth usually soon deciduous, usually 2, narrowly to broadly lanceolate, 0.7–1.8 mm, apex often acuminate; perianth white to pale pink, campanulate distal to constriction, 1–1.3 mm; stamens (2–)3, slightly exserted or included. |
pedicel 0.3–0.7 mm; bracts at base of perianth persistent, 1–2, ovate-acuminate, 1.5–4 mm; perianth whitish to pale pink (rarely golden yellow), campanulate distal to constriction, 1.2–1.4 mm; stamens 2–3, included or barely exserted. |
Fruits | 5–33 per cluster, usually overlapping or 2–4 in group separated by small gap from next group, straw colored to grayish or reddish tan, broadly obovoid, 1.9–2.4(–2.8) × 1.1–1.3 mm (l/w: 1.7–2.1[–2.3]), apex rounded, glabrous; ribs 5, obtuse-rounded to obtuse, often with low winglike ridge, slightly rugose near sulci; sulci (0.2–)0.5 times as wide as base of ribs, slightly rugose, not papillate. |
4–15 per cluster, well spaced to completely overlapping, straw colored to tan at maturity, broadly obovoid, 2.1–2.5 × 1–2 mm (l/w: 1.3–2.1), apex rounded, glabrous; ribs 4(–5), broadly acute, never winged, slightly rugose adjacent to sulci; sulci 0.5–1 times as wide as base of ribs, coarsely transversely rugose, not papillate. |
2n | = ca. 52. |
= 54. |
Boerhavia spicata |
Boerhavia wrightii |
|
Phenology | Flowering late summer–early fall. | Flowering summer. |
Habitat | Sandy or rocky soils in open, arid grasslands, among open shrubs or mesquite and acacia woodlands [tropical deciduous forests] | Sandy soils, among desert shrubs |
Elevation | [100-]700-1800 m ([300-]2300-5900 ft) | 400-1200 m (1300-3900 ft) |
Distribution |
AZ; NM; TX; Mexico
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AZ; CA; NM; NV; TX; UT; Mexico (Chihuahua, Sonora)
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Discussion | C. F. Reed (1969) and subsequent authors have included one or more of Boerhavia coulteri, B. torreyana, and B. watsoni as synonymous with B. spicata. Even when those taxa are removed, B. spicata remains a variable species, widespread at low to middle elevations in southwestern North America, and distinguished by its mostly overlapping, obovoid fruits with rather open sulci, and the glandular pubescence on basal parts of the plant. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Source | FNA vol. 4, p. 25. | FNA vol. 4, p. 25. |
Parent taxa | Nyctaginaceae > Boerhavia | Nyctaginaceae > Boerhavia |
Sibling taxa | ||
Name authority | Choisy: in A. P. de Candolle and A. L. P. P. de Candolle, Prodr. 13(2): 456. (1849) | A. Gray: Amer. J. Sci. Arts, ser. 2, 15: 322. (1853) |
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