Boerhavia spicata |
Boerhavia megaptera |
|
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creeping spiderling |
Tucson Mountain spiderling |
|
Habit | Herbs, annual; taproot tapered, soft or ± woody. | Herbs, annual; taproot tapered, soft or ± woody. |
Stems | erect or ascending, sparingly branched throughout, 30–70 dm, densely glandular-villous, or glandular-puberulent, with spreading, nonglandular hairs basally, glabrous distally. |
usually erect or ascending, occasionally decumbent, branched several times, primarily distally, 3–6 dm, minutely puberulent with bent hairs and sometimes also glandular hairs in basal portions; sparsely to moderately puberulent distally. |
Leaves | mostly in basal 1/2; larger leaves with petiole 10–30 mm, blade oval, oblong, ovate, or ± triangular, 18–45 × 13–30 mm (distal leaves usually smaller, sometimes longer, proportionately narrower), adaxial surface lightly to densely glandular-pubescent, abaxial surface paler than adaxial, lightly to densely glandular-pubescent, neither surface punctate or both minutely punctate with clusters of brown cells, base truncate, round, or obtuse, margins sinuate, sometimes crisped, apex round to obtuse, rarely acute. |
mostly in basal 1/2 of plant; larger leaves with petiole 12–17 mm, blade oblong-lanceolate, 25–50 × 10–17 mm (distal leaves smaller, sometimes longer, proportionately narrower), adaxial surface glabrous or very sparsely puberulent, often punctate, abaxial surface paler than adaxial, glabrous or very sparsely puberulent, usually punctate with small dark brown cells, base round, obtuse, or truncate, margins entire or slightly and irregularly crenulate, apex broadly to narrowly acute. |
Inflorescences | terminal and axillary, branched 1–4 times unequally, with sticky internodal bands; branches strongly ascending, terminating in spicate or racemose flower clusters, axis 10–55 mm. |
terminal, forked ± unevenly ca. 3–4 times, with sticky internodal bands; branches strongly ascending, terminating in umbels (rarely flowers borne singly). |
Flowers | pedicel 0.4–2.3[–3.7] mm; bracts at base of perianth usually soon deciduous, usually 2, narrowly to broadly lanceolate, 0.7–1.8 mm, apex often acuminate; perianth white to pale pink, campanulate distal to constriction, 1–1.3 mm; stamens (2–)3, slightly exserted or included. |
pedicel 1–2 mm; bracts at base of perianth quickly deciduous, 2, lanceolate, 0.6–1.5 mm; perianth whitish to pale pink, campanulate distal to constriction, 1–1.5 mm; stamens 3–4, barely exserted. |
Fruits | 5–33 per cluster, usually overlapping or 2–4 in group separated by small gap from next group, straw colored to grayish or reddish tan, broadly obovoid, 1.9–2.4(–2.8) × 1.1–1.3 mm (l/w: 1.7–2.1[–2.3]), apex rounded, glabrous; ribs 5, obtuse-rounded to obtuse, often with low winglike ridge, slightly rugose near sulci; sulci (0.2–)0.5 times as wide as base of ribs, slightly rugose, not papillate. |
(1–)3–14 per umbel, straw colored at maturity, broadly obconic, emarginate in profile (wings extended beyond apex of body), 3.2–3.8 × 2.2–2.6 mm (l/w: 1.3–1.5), glabrous; ribs 5, winglike, smooth; sulci 1–2 times as wide as base of ribs, smooth or very slightly rugose, not papillate. |
2n | = ca. 52. |
|
Boerhavia spicata |
Boerhavia megaptera |
|
Phenology | Flowering late summer–early fall. | Flowering summer–fall. |
Habitat | Sandy or rocky soils in open, arid grasslands, among open shrubs or mesquite and acacia woodlands [tropical deciduous forests] | Rocky ground, among desert shrubs or trees |
Elevation | [100-]700-1800 m ([300-]2300-5900 ft) | 700-1300 m (2300-4300 ft) |
Distribution |
AZ; NM; TX; Mexico
|
AZ |
Discussion | C. F. Reed (1969) and subsequent authors have included one or more of Boerhavia coulteri, B. torreyana, and B. watsoni as synonymous with B. spicata. Even when those taxa are removed, B. spicata remains a variable species, widespread at low to middle elevations in southwestern North America, and distinguished by its mostly overlapping, obovoid fruits with rather open sulci, and the glandular pubescence on basal parts of the plant. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Boerhavia megaptera is often sympatric with B. intermedia. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 4, p. 25. | FNA vol. 4, p. 24. |
Parent taxa | Nyctaginaceae > Boerhavia | Nyctaginaceae > Boerhavia |
Sibling taxa | ||
Name authority | Choisy: in A. P. de Candolle and A. L. P. P. de Candolle, Prodr. 13(2): 456. (1849) | Standley: Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 12: 379. (1909) |
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