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creeping spiderling

narrowleaf spiderling

Habit Herbs, annual; taproot tapered, soft or ± woody. Herbs, perennial, sometimes slightly woody at base; taproot long, ropelike, ± woody.
Stems

erect or ascending, sparingly branched throughout, 30–70 dm, densely glandular-villous, or glandular-puberulent, with spreading, nonglandular hairs basally, glabrous distally.

usually erect or ascending, occasionally decumbent, sparingly branched throughout, 2–5(–9) dm, hirsute, puberulent, or glandular basally, hair types often mixed, glandular-puberulent, glabrous, or occasionally puberulent and sparsely hispid distally.

Leaves

mostly in basal 1/2;

larger leaves with petiole 10–30 mm, blade oval, oblong, ovate, or ± triangular, 18–45 × 13–30 mm (distal leaves usually smaller, sometimes longer, proportionately narrower), adaxial surface lightly to densely glandular-pubescent, abaxial surface paler than adaxial, lightly to densely glandular-pubescent, neither surface punctate or both minutely punctate with clusters of brown cells, base truncate, round, or obtuse, margins sinuate, sometimes crisped, apex round to obtuse, rarely acute.

mostly in basal 2/3 of plant;

larger leaves with petiole 1–5 mm, blade lanceolate to linear, rarely ovate, 15–35 × 1–15 mm (distal leaves usually longer, narrower), adaxial surface glabrous or sparsely hispid, occasionally glandular-pubescent, sometimes punctate, abaxial surface usually paler than adaxial, glabrous or sparsely hispid, occasionally glandular-pubescent, usually punctate with small patches of large gray to dark brown cells, base obtuse, truncate, or rounded, margins entire and revolute, apex usually acute, sometimes obtuse or rounded.

Inflorescences

terminal and axillary, branched 1–4 times unequally, with sticky internodal bands;

branches strongly ascending, terminating in spicate or racemose flower clusters, axis 10–55 mm.

terminal and axillary, forked ca. 2–4 times unequally, open, without sticky internodal bands;

branches strongly ascending, terminating in loose, 1–few-flowered, cymose clusters.

Flowers

pedicel 0.4–2.3[–3.7] mm;

bracts at base of perianth usually soon deciduous, usually 2, narrowly to broadly lanceolate, 0.7–1.8 mm, apex often acuminate;

perianth white to pale pink, campanulate distal to constriction, 1–1.3 mm;

stamens (2–)3, slightly exserted or included.

pedicel 1–2(–5) mm;

bracts at base of perianth persistent, 3, lanceolate to ovate-acuminate, 1–2 mm;

perianth purplish pink, widely funnelform beyond constriction, 4–7 mm;

stamens 5(–6), well exserted.

Fruits

5–33 per cluster, usually overlapping or 2–4 in group separated by small gap from next group, straw colored to grayish or reddish tan, broadly obovoid, 1.9–2.4(–2.8) × 1.1–1.3 mm (l/w: 1.7–2.1[–2.3]), apex rounded, glabrous;

ribs 5, obtuse-rounded to obtuse, often with low winglike ridge, slightly rugose near sulci;

sulci (0.2–)0.5 times as wide as base of ribs, slightly rugose, not papillate.

borne singly (or 2–3 in open clusters), dark gray-brown, oblong-clavate, 2.5–3.5 × 1.2–1.5 mm (l/w: (1.7–)2.1–3.5), apex round, usually glabrous;

ribs (4–)5, broadly rounded, smooth, edges sharp and slightly overhanging sulcus;

sulci about as wide as base of ribs, smooth, not papillate (very rarely minutely and sparsely puberulent).

2n

= ca. 52.

= ca. 52.

Boerhavia spicata

Boerhavia linearifolia

Phenology Flowering late summer–early fall. Flowering mid spring–late summer.
Habitat Sandy or rocky soils in open, arid grasslands, among open shrubs or mesquite and acacia woodlands [tropical deciduous forests] Open, calcareous soils or rock in arid grasslands or shrublands
Elevation [100-]700-1800 m ([300-]2300-5900 ft) 400-1700 m (1300-5600 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
AZ; NM; TX; Mexico
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
NM; TX; Mexico (Chihuahua, Coahuila)
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

C. F. Reed (1969) and subsequent authors have included one or more of Boerhavia coulteri, B. torreyana, and B. watsoni as synonymous with B. spicata. Even when those taxa are removed, B. spicata remains a variable species, widespread at low to middle elevations in southwestern North America, and distinguished by its mostly overlapping, obovoid fruits with rather open sulci, and the glandular pubescence on basal parts of the plant.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Boerhavia linearifolia has been reported from Alabama, but no documenting specimen has been seen.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 4, p. 25. FNA vol. 4, p. 22.
Parent taxa Nyctaginaceae > Boerhavia Nyctaginaceae > Boerhavia
Sibling taxa
B. anisophylla, B. ciliata, B. coccinea, B. coulteri, B. diffusa, B. erecta, B. gracillima, B. intermedia, B. linearifolia, B. megaptera, B. pterocarpa, B. purpurascens, B. torreyana, B. triquetra, B. wrightii
B. anisophylla, B. ciliata, B. coccinea, B. coulteri, B. diffusa, B. erecta, B. gracillima, B. intermedia, B. megaptera, B. pterocarpa, B. purpurascens, B. spicata, B. torreyana, B. triquetra, B. wrightii
Synonyms B. lindheimeri, B. tenuifolia
Name authority Choisy: in A. P. de Candolle and A. L. P. P. de Candolle, Prodr. 13(2): 456. (1849) A. Gray: Amer. J. Sci. Arts, ser. 2, 15: 322. (1853)
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