Boechera retrofracta |
Boechera davidsonii |
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dangling suncress, reflexed rock-cress, secund rock-cress |
Davidson's rock-cress |
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Habit | Biennials or perennials; short-lived; sexual; caudex present or absent. | Perennials; long-lived; (cespitose); sexual; caudex woody (thickly covered by persistent, crowded leaf bases). |
Stems | usually 1 per caudex branch, arising from center of rosette near ground surface, 1.5–7(–10.5) dm, densely pubescent proximally, trichomes short-stalked, 2–8-rayed, 0.1–0.2 mm, sparsely pubescent distally. |
usually 1 per caudex branch, arising from center of rosette near ground surface, 0.6–2.3 dm, glabrous throughout. |
Basal leaves | blade oblanceolate, 2–7 mm wide, margins entire or shallowly dentate, sometimes ciliate at petiole base, surfaces densely pubescent, trichomes short-stalked, 5–10-rayed, 0.05–0.2 mm. |
blade oblanceolate, 3.5–14 mm wide, margins usually entire, rarely slightly dentate, not ciliate, surfaces glabrous. |
Cauline leaves | 15–40, concealing stem proximally; blade auricles 0.5–2.5 mm or, rarely, absent, surfaces of distalmost leaves pubescent. |
3–10, not concealing stem; blade auricles absent, glabrous. |
Racemes | 15–80(–140)-flowered, usually unbranched. |
4–24-flowered, usually unbranched. |
Flowers | pendent at anthesis; sepals pubescent; petals white to lavender, 4–8 × 0.8–2.2 mm, glabrous; pollen ellipsoid. |
ascending at anthesis; sepals glabrous; petals white to lavender, 6–10 × 2.5–4 mm, glabrous; pollen ellipsoid. |
Fruiting pedicels | reflexed, abruptly recurved at base, otherwise usually straight, 7–12(–18) mm, pubescent, trichomes appressed, branched. |
ascending, straight, 3–18 mm, glabrous. |
Fruits | strongly reflexed, usually appressed to rachis, sometimes somewhat secund, straight, edges parallel, 3.5–9 cm × 0.9–1.8 mm; valves glabrous or sparsely pubescent throughout; ovules 60–116 per ovary; style 0.5–2 mm. |
ascending to divaricate-ascending, not appressed to rachis, not secund, straight to slightly curved, edges parallel, 2.5–7 cm × 1.5–2.5 mm; valves glabrous; ovules 28–50 per ovary; style 0.1–0.8 mm. |
Seeds | uniseriate, 1–1.4 × 0.9–1.2 mm; wing continuous, to 0.1 mm wide. |
uniseriate, 1.8–2.2 × 0.8–1.7 mm; wing distal or continuous, 0.1–0.5 mm wide. |
2n | = 14. |
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Boechera retrofracta |
Boechera davidsonii |
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Phenology | Flowering Apr–Aug. | Flowering Apr–Jul. |
Habitat | Rock outcrops, open hillsides, gravel bars and sandy banks in grassland, sagebrush, oak woodlands, and open conifer forests | Ledges and crevices of rock outcrops |
Elevation | 300-3300 m (1000-10800 ft) | 1200-3400 m (3900-11200 ft) |
Distribution |
AK; CA; ID; MI; MT; NV; OR; UT; WA; WY; AB; BC; MB; NT; ON; QC; SK
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CA; NV; OR
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Discussion | Though often treated as a variety of Arabis (Boechera) holboellii (e.g., R. C. Rollins 1993; G. A. Mulligan 1996; N. H. Holmgren 2005b), B. retrofracta is easily distinguished from that species by having narrower (0.9–1.8 versus 2–2.5 mm), mostly non-secund fruits that are almost always appressed to rachises. The two taxa have allopatric distributions, with B. retrofracta found on the North American continent (mostly west of the Great Plains) and B. holboellii apparently confined to Greenland. Boechera retrofracta has formed hybrids with at least 12 other species. Besides differing in macromorphological characters, all those hybrids are distinct from B. retrofracta in the strict sense in having wider (20–30 versus 13–16 µm), spheroid pollen grains with asymmetric colpi. Arabis kochii Blankinship is an illegitimate name, sometimes found in synonymy with Boechera retrofracta. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Plants of Boechera davidsonii sometimes are confused with completely glabrous individuals of B. lyallii, and G. A. Mulligan (1996) treated it as a synonym of the latter. It is easily distinguished from B. lyallii by the thick covering of persistent leaf bases on caudex branches, ascending (versus erect and appressed) fruits, and uniseriate (versus biseriate to sub-biseriate) seeds. Boechera davidsonii is nearly unique among western North American species of the genus in showing no evidence of hybridization with other species. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 7, p. 402. | FNA vol. 7, p. 372. |
Parent taxa | Brassicaceae > tribe Boechereae > Boechera | Brassicaceae > tribe Boechereae > Boechera |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Arabis retrofracta, Arabis arcuata var. secunda, Arabis exilis, Arabis holboellii var. retrofracta, Arabis holboellii var. secunda, Arabis lignipes, Arabis retrofracta var. multicaulis, Arabis secunda, Arabis sparsiflora subsp. secunda, Arabis tenuis, B. exilis, B. holboellii var. secunda | Arabis davidsonii, Arabis bruceae, Arabis cognata, Arabis davidsonii var. parva, Arabis lyallii var. davidsonii |
Name authority | (Graham) Á. Löve & D. Löve: Taxon 31: 125. (1982) | (Greene) N. H. Holmgren: in A. Cronquist et al., Intermount. Fl. 2(B): 368. (2005) |
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