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smooth rockcress

Habit Biennials or perennials; short-lived; apomictic; caudex present or absent. Biennials; short-lived; sexual; caudex not evident.
Stems

usually 1 per caudex branch, arising from center of rosette near ground surface, 1–4.5 dm, densely pubescent proximally, trichomes sessile, 2–4-rayed, 0.15–0.5 mm, glabrous distally.

1 per plant, arising from center of rosette near ground surface, (1.5–)3–11 dm, glabrous throughout.

Basal leaves

blade oblanceolate, 5–15 mm wide, margins denticulate, ciliate proximally, trichomes (simple), to 1 mm, surfaces moderately pubescent, trichomes subsessile, (2- or) 3–7-rayed, 0.1–0.3 mm.

blade obovate to oblanceolate, (4–)10–40 mm wide, margins serrate or dentate, ciliate-mucronate on teeth, trichomes often minute, surfaces glabrous or sparsely pubescent, trichomes simple, 0.1–0.6 mm.

Cauline leaves

4–15, not concealing stem;

blade auricles 1–3.5 mm, surfaces of distalmost leaves glabrous.

7–15, often concealing stem proximally;

blade auricles 3–12(–17) mm, surfaces of distalmost leaves glabrous.

Racemes

11–41-flowered, usually unbranched.

16–45-flowered, sometimes branched.

Flowers

divaricate at anthesis;

sepals pubescent;

petals white, 6–7 × 1–2 mm, glabrous;

pollen spheroid.

ascending at anthesis;

sepals glabrous;

petals white, 3–5 × 1–1.5 mm, glabrous;

pollen ellipsoid.

Fruiting pedicels

horizontal to slightly descending, curved to straight, 3–8(–14) mm, glabrous or with some subappressed, branched trichomes.

suberect to divaricate-ascending, straight to slightly curved, 5–23 mm, glabrous.

Fruits

horizontal to slightly descending, not appressed to rachis, secund, straight, edges parallel, 3–6 cm × 1.5–2 mm;

valves glabrous;

ovules 56–94 per ovary.

divaricate-ascending, not appressed to rachis, rarely somewhat secund, curved, edges parallel, (4–)6–11.7 cm × 1–2 mm;

valves glabrous;

ovules 50–80 per ovary;

style 0.1–0.7(–1) mm.

Seeds

uniseriate, 1.2–1.5 × 1–1.3 mm;

wing continuous, 0.1–0.15 mm wide.

uniseriate, 1.2–2.2 × 0.8–1.4 mm;

wing continuous, 0.1–0.3 mm wide distally.

2n

= 14.

Boechera quebecensis

Boechera laevigata

Phenology Flowering Jun–Jul. Flowering Mar–May.
Habitat Calcareous rock outcrops and talus slopes Rocky bluffs, cedar glades, wooded hillsides, floodplains
Elevation 0-300 m (0-1000 ft) 100-500 m (300-1600 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
QC
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
AL; AR; CT; DC; DE; GA; IA; IL; IN; KY; MA; MD; MI; MO; NC; NH; NJ; NY; OH; OK; PA; SC; TN; VA; VT; WI; WV; ON; QC
Discussion

Morphological evidence suggests that Boechera quebecensis is an apomictic species that arose through hybridization between B. holboellii and B. stricta; it is most likely to be confused with B. grahamii (see M. D. Windham and I. A. Al-Shehbaz 2007b for detailed comparison).

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

The taxon sometimes treated as Arabis laevigata var. missouriensis is here recognized as a separate species (Boechera missouriensis) based on its significantly longer petals (5–10 versus 3–5 mm) and distinctive, lyrate-pinnatifid basal leaves that persist well beyond anthesis.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 7, p. 401. FNA vol. 7, p. 386.
Parent taxa Brassicaceae > tribe Boechereae > Boechera Brassicaceae > tribe Boechereae > Boechera
Sibling taxa
B. acutina, B. arcuata, B. atrorubens, B. bodiensis, B. breweri, B. burkii, B. calderi, B. californica, B. canadensis, B. cascadensis, B. cobrensis, B. collinsii, B. consanguinea, B. constancei, B. covillei, B. crandallii, B. cusickii, B. davidsonii, B. dentata, B. depauperata, B. dispar, B. divaricarpa, B. drepanoloba, B. duchesnensis, B. elkoensis, B. evadens, B. falcatoria, B. falcifructa, B. fecunda, B. fendleri, B. fernaldiana, B. formosa, B. fructicosa, B. glareosa, B. glaucovalvula, B. goodrichii, B. gracilenta, B. gracilipes, B. grahamii, B. gunnisoniana, B. harrisonii, B. hastatula, B. hoffmannii, B. holboellii, B. horizontalis, B. howellii, B. inyoensis, B. johnstonii, B. koehleri, B. laevigata, B. languida, B. lasiocarpa, B. lemmonii, B. lignifera, B. lincolnensis, B. lyallii, B. macounii, B. microphylla, B. missouriensis, B. nevadensis, B. ophira, B. oxylobula, B. paddoensis, B. pallidifolia, B. parishii, B. pauciflora, B. paupercula, B. peirsonii, B. pendulina, B. pendulocarpa, B. perennans, B. perstellata, B. pinetorum, B. pinzliae, B. platysperma, B. polyantha, B. porphyrea, B. pratincola, B. puberula, B. pulchra, B. pusilla, B. pygmaea, B. rectissima, B. repanda, B. retrofracta, B. rigidissima, B. rollei, B. rollinsiorum, B. rubicundula, B. saximontana, B. schistacea, B. serotina, B. serpenticola, B. shevockii, B. shockleyi, B. sparsiflora, B. spatifolia, B. stricta, B. subpinnatifida, B. suffrutescens, B. texana, B. tiehmii, B. tularensis, B. ultra-alsa, B. villosa, B. williamsii, B. xylopoda, B. yorkii
B. acutina, B. arcuata, B. atrorubens, B. bodiensis, B. breweri, B. burkii, B. calderi, B. californica, B. canadensis, B. cascadensis, B. cobrensis, B. collinsii, B. consanguinea, B. constancei, B. covillei, B. crandallii, B. cusickii, B. davidsonii, B. dentata, B. depauperata, B. dispar, B. divaricarpa, B. drepanoloba, B. duchesnensis, B. elkoensis, B. evadens, B. falcatoria, B. falcifructa, B. fecunda, B. fendleri, B. fernaldiana, B. formosa, B. fructicosa, B. glareosa, B. glaucovalvula, B. goodrichii, B. gracilenta, B. gracilipes, B. grahamii, B. gunnisoniana, B. harrisonii, B. hastatula, B. hoffmannii, B. holboellii, B. horizontalis, B. howellii, B. inyoensis, B. johnstonii, B. koehleri, B. languida, B. lasiocarpa, B. lemmonii, B. lignifera, B. lincolnensis, B. lyallii, B. macounii, B. microphylla, B. missouriensis, B. nevadensis, B. ophira, B. oxylobula, B. paddoensis, B. pallidifolia, B. parishii, B. pauciflora, B. paupercula, B. peirsonii, B. pendulina, B. pendulocarpa, B. perennans, B. perstellata, B. pinetorum, B. pinzliae, B. platysperma, B. polyantha, B. porphyrea, B. pratincola, B. puberula, B. pulchra, B. pusilla, B. pygmaea, B. quebecensis, B. rectissima, B. repanda, B. retrofracta, B. rigidissima, B. rollei, B. rollinsiorum, B. rubicundula, B. saximontana, B. schistacea, B. serotina, B. serpenticola, B. shevockii, B. shockleyi, B. sparsiflora, B. spatifolia, B. stricta, B. subpinnatifida, B. suffrutescens, B. texana, B. tiehmii, B. tularensis, B. ultra-alsa, B. villosa, B. williamsii, B. xylopoda, B. yorkii
Synonyms Arabis divaricarpa var. dechamplainii Turritis laevigata, Arabis hastata, Arabis heterophylla, Arabis laevigata, Arabis lyrifolia
Name authority Windham & Al-Shehbaz: Harvard Pap. Bot. 12: 246. (2007) (Muhlenberg ex Willdenow) Al-Shehbaz: Novon 13: 386. (2003)
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