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perennial rockcress

beautiful rockcress

Habit Perennials; long-lived; sexual; caudex woody. Perennials; long-lived; sexual; caudex woody.
Stems

usually 2–5 per caudex branch, arising laterally proximal to sterile shoots or rosette, often elevated above ground surface on woody base, (1.5–)2–7 dm, densely pubescent proximally, trichomes short-stalked, Y-shaped, 0.2–0.4 mm, often mixed with 3–5-rayed or (rarely) simple ones, usually glabrous distally.

usually 1 per caudex branch, arising from center of leaf tuft, above ground surface on woody base, 2–5.5 dm, densely pubescent proximally, trichomes short-stalked, 4–7-rayed, 0.1–0.4 mm, similarly pubescent distally.

Basal leaves

blade oblanceolate to obovate, 3–15(–20) mm wide, margins dentate, ciliate proximally, trichomes to 1.2 mm, surfaces moderately to densely pubescent, trichomes short-stalked, 3–6-rayed, 0.2–0.4 mm.

blade linear to linear-oblanceolate, 2–3(–4) mm wide, margins entire, sometimes ciliate near petiole base, trichomes (simple or 2-rayed), to 0.8 mm, surfaces densely pubescent, trichomes short-stalked, 4–8-rayed, 0.1–0.3 mm.

Cauline leaves

4–12(–17), not concealing stem;

blade auricles 0.5–3.5 mm, surfaces of distalmost leaves glabrous.

7–18, concealing stem proximally;

blade auricles absent, surfaces of distalmost leaves densely pubescent.

Racemes

16–35-flowered, usually unbranched.

6–26-flowered, usually unbranched.

Flowers

ascending at anthesis;

sepals pubescent;

petals white to purplish, 5–9 × 1–1.5 mm, glabrous or sparsely pubescent (occasionally some trichomes abaxially);

pollen ellipsoid.

divaricate at anthesis;

sepals pubescent;

petals white to pale lavender, 8–18 × 2.5–4.4(–5.5) mm, glabrous;

pollen ellipsoid.

Fruiting pedicels

usually horizontal, straight or slightly recurved, (6–)10–25 mm, usually glabrous.

horizontal to descending, usually recurved, 5–10(–20) mm, pubescent, trichomes appressed, branched.

Fruits

widely pendent, not appressed to rachis, not secund, usually curved, edges parallel, (3–)4–7 cm × 1.7–2.1 mm;

valves glabrous;

ovules 60–96 per ovary;

style 0.05–0.4 mm.

divaricate-descending to reflexed, usually not appressed to rachis, rarely somewhat secund, straight, edges parallel, 4.3–7 cm × 1.6–3 mm;

valves pubescent throughout;

ovules 72–98 per ovary;

style ca. 0.1 mm.

Seeds

uniseriate, 1.1–1.5 × 0.9–1.2 mm;

wing continuous, 0.1–0.2 mm wide.

biseriate, 1.2–1.6 × 1–1.2 mm;

wing continuous, 0.1–0.2 mm wide.

2n

= 14.

= 14.

Boechera perennans

Boechera formosa

Phenology Flowering Feb–May. Flowering Apr–Jun.
Habitat Rocky slopes and gravelly soil in warm desert, chaparral, low montane habitats Rocky slopes and sandy soil in blackbrush, sagebrush, and pinyon-juniper communities
Elevation 200-1700 m (700-5600 ft) 1300-1900 m (4300-6200 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
AZ; CA; NM; NV; TX; UT; Mexico (Baja California, Chihuahua, Sonora)
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
AZ; CO; NM; UT; WY
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

The circumscription of Boechera perennans followed here is much narrower than that adopted by R. C. Rollins (1993). The most significant difference is the removal of Arabis gracilenta. Recent studies (M. D. Windham and Allphin, in prep.) indicate that the latter represents an older name for the species usually called A. (Boechera) selbyi. Although superficially similar, B. perennans is distinguished from B. gracilenta by having stems arising from above ground surface on woody bases, proximal stems with mostly Y-shaped trichomes, strongly dentate margins on basal leaves, and uniseriate seeds. Typically, B. perennans is a sexual diploid largely restricted to the warm deserts of Arizona, California, Nevada, and southern New Mexico. Plants of B. gracilenta are scattered across the Colorado Plateau (northeast of the range of B. perennans) and are apomictic triploids, apparently produced by hybridization between B. fendleri and B. pallidifolia.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Although Boechera formosa is usually subsumed within Arabis (Boechera) pulchra, the two species are easily separated. Boechera formosa has white to lavender (versus mostly purple) petals, fruiting pedicels that are not abruptly recurved at the base, narrower (1.6–3 versus 2.5–4 mm wide), mostly non-appressed fruits, and narrower (1–1.2 versus 1.5–2.2 mm wide) seeds. The two taxa are separated by more than 500 km, with B. formosa found only on the Colorado Plateau and B. pulchra, in the strict sense, restricted to southern California, western Nevada, and northwestern Mexico.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 7, p. 396. FNA vol. 7, p. 379.
Parent taxa Brassicaceae > tribe Boechereae > Boechera Brassicaceae > tribe Boechereae > Boechera
Sibling taxa
B. acutina, B. arcuata, B. atrorubens, B. bodiensis, B. breweri, B. burkii, B. calderi, B. californica, B. canadensis, B. cascadensis, B. cobrensis, B. collinsii, B. consanguinea, B. constancei, B. covillei, B. crandallii, B. cusickii, B. davidsonii, B. dentata, B. depauperata, B. dispar, B. divaricarpa, B. drepanoloba, B. duchesnensis, B. elkoensis, B. evadens, B. falcatoria, B. falcifructa, B. fecunda, B. fendleri, B. fernaldiana, B. formosa, B. fructicosa, B. glareosa, B. glaucovalvula, B. goodrichii, B. gracilenta, B. gracilipes, B. grahamii, B. gunnisoniana, B. harrisonii, B. hastatula, B. hoffmannii, B. holboellii, B. horizontalis, B. howellii, B. inyoensis, B. johnstonii, B. koehleri, B. laevigata, B. languida, B. lasiocarpa, B. lemmonii, B. lignifera, B. lincolnensis, B. lyallii, B. macounii, B. microphylla, B. missouriensis, B. nevadensis, B. ophira, B. oxylobula, B. paddoensis, B. pallidifolia, B. parishii, B. pauciflora, B. paupercula, B. peirsonii, B. pendulina, B. pendulocarpa, B. perstellata, B. pinetorum, B. pinzliae, B. platysperma, B. polyantha, B. porphyrea, B. pratincola, B. puberula, B. pulchra, B. pusilla, B. pygmaea, B. quebecensis, B. rectissima, B. repanda, B. retrofracta, B. rigidissima, B. rollei, B. rollinsiorum, B. rubicundula, B. saximontana, B. schistacea, B. serotina, B. serpenticola, B. shevockii, B. shockleyi, B. sparsiflora, B. spatifolia, B. stricta, B. subpinnatifida, B. suffrutescens, B. texana, B. tiehmii, B. tularensis, B. ultra-alsa, B. villosa, B. williamsii, B. xylopoda, B. yorkii
B. acutina, B. arcuata, B. atrorubens, B. bodiensis, B. breweri, B. burkii, B. calderi, B. californica, B. canadensis, B. cascadensis, B. cobrensis, B. collinsii, B. consanguinea, B. constancei, B. covillei, B. crandallii, B. cusickii, B. davidsonii, B. dentata, B. depauperata, B. dispar, B. divaricarpa, B. drepanoloba, B. duchesnensis, B. elkoensis, B. evadens, B. falcatoria, B. falcifructa, B. fecunda, B. fendleri, B. fernaldiana, B. fructicosa, B. glareosa, B. glaucovalvula, B. goodrichii, B. gracilenta, B. gracilipes, B. grahamii, B. gunnisoniana, B. harrisonii, B. hastatula, B. hoffmannii, B. holboellii, B. horizontalis, B. howellii, B. inyoensis, B. johnstonii, B. koehleri, B. laevigata, B. languida, B. lasiocarpa, B. lemmonii, B. lignifera, B. lincolnensis, B. lyallii, B. macounii, B. microphylla, B. missouriensis, B. nevadensis, B. ophira, B. oxylobula, B. paddoensis, B. pallidifolia, B. parishii, B. pauciflora, B. paupercula, B. peirsonii, B. pendulina, B. pendulocarpa, B. perennans, B. perstellata, B. pinetorum, B. pinzliae, B. platysperma, B. polyantha, B. porphyrea, B. pratincola, B. puberula, B. pulchra, B. pusilla, B. pygmaea, B. quebecensis, B. rectissima, B. repanda, B. retrofracta, B. rigidissima, B. rollei, B. rollinsiorum, B. rubicundula, B. saximontana, B. schistacea, B. serotina, B. serpenticola, B. shevockii, B. shockleyi, B. sparsiflora, B. spatifolia, B. stricta, B. subpinnatifida, B. suffrutescens, B. texana, B. tiehmii, B. tularensis, B. ultra-alsa, B. villosa, B. williamsii, B. xylopoda, B. yorkii
Synonyms Arabis perennans, Arabis angulata, Arabis arcuata var. perennans, Arabis eremophila, Arabis recondita Arabis formosa, Arabis pulchra var. pallens, B. pulchra subsp. pallens, B. pulchra var. pallens
Name authority (S. Watson) W. A. Weber: Phytologia 51: 370. (1982) (Greene) Windham & Al-Shehbaz: Harvard Pap. Bot. 11: 68. (2006)
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