Boechera collinsii |
Boechera californica |
|
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collin's suncress, Collins' rockcress |
California rockcress |
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Habit | Perennials; usually short-lived; sexual; caudex not woody. | Perennials; usually long-lived; apomictic; caudex woody. |
Stems | usually 1 per caudex branch, arising from center of rosette near ground surface, (1.5–)2.5–8 dm, densely pubescent proximally, trichomes simple and short-stalked, 2-rayed, to 1 mm, sparsely pubescent or glabrous distally. |
usually 1 per caudex branch, arising from center of rosette, elevated above ground surface on woody base, (2–)3.5–13 dm, densely pubescent proximally, trichomes short-stalked, 2–4-rayed, 0.3–0.9 mm, moderately to sparsely pubescent distally. |
Basal leaves | blade oblanceolate, 1–7 mm wide, margins entire or dentate, ciliate along petiole, trichomes (simple), to 0.7 mm, surfaces moderately to densely pubescent, trichomes short-stalked, 5–8-rayed, 0.15–0.4 mm. |
blade linear to oblanceolate, 3–10(–13) mm wide, margins entire or denticulate, ciliate along petiole, trichomes to 1.3 mm, surfaces densely pubescent, trichomes short-stalked, 4–8-rayed, 0.2–0.5 mm. |
Cauline leaves | (8–)15–40, concealing stem proximally; blade auricles 1–3 mm, surfaces of distalmost leaves usually sparsely pubescent. |
12–35(–55), often concealing stem proximally; blade auricles 1–5(–6) mm, surfaces of distalmost leaves pubescent. |
Racemes | (15–)30–90-flowered, usually unbranched. |
30–120-flowered, usually unbranched. |
Flowers | descending to pendent at anthesis; sepals pubescent; petals usually white, rarely lavender, 4–6 × 0.8–1.5 mm, glabrous; pollen ellipsoid. |
divaricate-ascending at anthesis; sepals pubescent; petals usually purple, rarely pinkish, 9–14 × 1.5–3 mm, glabrous or sparsely pubescent (trichomes scattered abaxially); pollen spheroid. |
Fruiting pedicels | reflexed, abruptly recurved at base, otherwise straight, 4–13 mm, glabrous or sparsely pubescent, trichomes usually simple. |
descending to horizontal, usually recurved, rarely straight, 4–20 mm, pubescent, trichomes appressed, 3–7-rayed. |
Fruits | strongly reflexed, usually appressed to rachis, rarely somewhat secund, straight, edges parallel, 3.5–6 cm × 0.9–1.5 mm; valves glabrous; ovules 70–126 per ovary; style 0.2–0.5 mm. |
widely pendent, not appressed to rachis, not secund, usually curved, rarely straight, edges parallel, (6–)8–12 cm × 1.5–2.5 mm; valves glabrous or trichomes sometimes scattered; ovules 140–180 per ovary; style 0.05–0.3 mm. |
Seeds | uniseriate, 1–1.4 × 0.8–1 mm; wing continuous (rarely absent), to 0.1 mm wide. |
uniseriate or sub-biseriate, 1.7–2 × 1.2–1.7 mm; wing continuous, 0.2–0.4 mm wide. |
2n | = 14. |
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Boechera collinsii |
Boechera californica |
|
Phenology | Flowering May–Jun. | Flowering Mar–Jun. |
Habitat | Rocky and gravelly hillsides, prairies, open woods, floodplains | Rocky slopes and gravelly soil in desert chaparral and oak woodlands |
Elevation | 600-1400 m (2000-4600 ft) | 300-2300 m (1000-7500 ft) |
Distribution |
ID; MN; MT; ND; NE; SD; WY; AB; MB; QC; SK
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CA; Mexico (Baja California)
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Discussion | Though often treated as a variety of Arabis (Boechera) holboellii (e.g., R. C. Rollins 1993; G. A. Mulligan 1996), B. collinsii is easily distinguished from that species by having simple and 2-rayed (versus 4–8-rayed) trichomes proximally on stems, and narrower (0.9–1.5 versus 2–2.5 mm) usually non-secund fruits. The two taxa also show allopatric distributions, with B. collinsii found on the North American continent (usually east of the Rocky Mountains) and B. holboellii apparently confined to Greenland. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Morphological evidence suggests that Boechera californica is an apomictic species that arose through hybridization between B. arcuata and B. pulchra (see M. D. Windham and I. A. Al-Shehbaz 2007 for detailed comparison). In the flora area, B. californica is known only from Los Angeles, Riverside, San Bernardino, and San Diego counties. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 7, p. 370. | FNA vol. 7, p. 369. |
Parent taxa | Brassicaceae > tribe Boechereae > Boechera | Brassicaceae > tribe Boechereae > Boechera |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Arabis collinsii, Arabis holboellii var. collinsii, Arabis retrofracta var. collinsii | Arabis sparsiflora var. californica |
Name authority | (Fernald) Á. Löve & D. Löve: Taxon 31: 125. (1982) | (Rollins) Windham & Al-Shehbaz: Harvard Pap. Bot. 11: 260. (2007) |
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