Boechera breweri |
Boechera pinetorum |
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Brewer's rock-cress |
Holboell's rock-cress, woodland rock-cress |
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Habit | Perennials; long-lived; sexual; caudex woody. | Perennials; short-lived; apomictic; caudex not woody. | ||||
Stems | usually 1 per caudex branch, arising from center of rosette, somewhat elevated on woody base or from ground surface, 0.6–3.5(–4.5) dm, densely pubescent proximally, trichomes long-stalked and simple, 2-rayed (sometimes all simple), 0.4–1 mm, sparsely pubescent or glabrous distally. |
usually 1 per caudex branch, arising from center of rosette near ground surface, 2–8(–9.6) dm, densely pubescent proximally, trichomes simple and short-stalked, 2–4-rayed, to 1 mm, sparsely pubescent or glabrous distally. |
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Basal leaves | blade oblanceolate, 3–7(–11) mm wide, margins entire or dentate, ciliate proximally, trichomes to 1 mm, surfaces densely pubescent, trichomes long-stalked, 2–4-rayed, 0.4–0.8 mm. |
blade oblanceolate, 2–8(–11) mm wide, margins entire or denticulate, ciliate proximally, trichomes (simple), 0.5–1 mm, surfaces sparsely to densely pubescent, trichomes short-stalked, 2–4 (or 5)-rayed, 0.2–0.5 mm, these mixed with fewer simple ones. |
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Cauline leaves | 5–15(–28), often concealing stem proximally; blade auricles 0.5–3(–5) mm, surfaces of distalmost leaves pubescent. |
7–33, often concealing stem proximally; blade auricles 1–3 mm, surfaces of distalmost leaves sparsely pubescent or glabrous. |
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Racemes | 7–20(–30)-flowered, usually unbranched. |
15–63-flowered, usually unbranched. |
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Flowers | ascending at anthesis; sepals pubescent; petals usually purple (rarely lavender), 7–12 × 2–4 mm, glabrous; pollen ellipsoid. |
divaricate to pendent at anthesis; sepals pubescent; petals white to lavender, 5–6 × 1–1.5 mm, glabrous; pollen spheroid. |
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Fruiting pedicels | ascending to divaricate-ascending, straight, 3–25 mm, pubescent or glabrous, trichomes spreading, simple and 2-rayed. |
reflexed, abruptly recurved near base, otherwise straight, 4–12 mm, sparsely pubescent or glabrous, trichomes spreading, simple and 2-rayed. |
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Fruits | ascending to divaricate-ascending, not appressed to rachis, not secund, usually curved, rarely straight, edges parallel, 3.5–10 cm × 1.5–2.2 mm; valves usually glabrous, rarely sparsely pubescent; ovules 48–96 per ovary; style 0.05–0.3 mm. |
reflexed to closely pendent, not appressed to rachis, not secund, straight or curved, edges parallel, (4.5–)5.5–8.5 cm × 1.5–2 mm; valves glabrous; ovules 70–110 per ovary; style 0.05–0.4 mm. |
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Seeds | uniseriate, 1.2–1.7 × 1–1.2 mm; wing continuous, 0.1–0.2 mm wide distally. |
uniseriate, 1.5–1.8 × 1.2–1.5 mm; wing continuous, 0.15–0.3 mm wide. |
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Boechera breweri |
Boechera pinetorum |
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Phenology | Flowering May–Jul. | |||||
Habitat | Rock outcrops and gravelly soil in meadows and open conifer forests | |||||
Elevation | 1100-3200 m (3600-10500 ft) | |||||
Distribution |
CA; OR
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CA; NV; OR
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Discussion | Subspecies 2 (2 in the flora). Relatively few other sexual diploid species of Boechera co-occur with B. breweri, and the only currently recognized hybrid involving this taxon is B. rubicundula (= B. arcuata × B. breweri; M. D. Windham and I. A. Al-Shehbaz 2007). Boechera breweri appears to be related to B. sparsiflora, and some specimens of subsp. shastaensis can be difficult to separate from that species. The two subspecies appear to intergrade on the western side of the Sacramento Valley from Tehama to Solano counties. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Most authors (e.g., R. C. Rollins 1993; R. D. Dorn 2001; S. L. Welsh et al. 2003; N. H. Holmgren 2005b) have treated Boechera pinetorum as a variety of Arabis (Boechera) holboellii. Under this guise, the name has been applied to a vast array of plants collected throughout western North America. This includes a diversity of sexual diploids plus nearly every hybrid containing a genome from B. retrofracta. Based on re-examination of the type collection, we have adopted a much narrower concept of the species. Morphological evidence suggests that B. pinetorum is an apomictic triploid hybrid containing three different genomes, derived from B. rectissima, B. retrofracta, and B. sparsiflora. Plants closely resembling the type of B. pinetorum are confined to the northern Sierra Nevada and adjacent southern Cascades. The majority of collections previously associated with the epithet pinetorum represent B. pauciflora (see M. D. Windham and I. A. Al-Shehbaz 2007 for detailed comparison). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Key |
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Source | FNA vol. 7, p. 367. | FNA vol. 7, p. 397. | ||||
Parent taxa | Brassicaceae > tribe Boechereae > Boechera | Brassicaceae > tribe Boechereae > Boechera | ||||
Sibling taxa | ||||||
Subordinate taxa | ||||||
Synonyms | Arabis breweri, Arabis breweri var. figularis, Arabis epilobioides | Arabis pinetorum, Arabis divaricarpa var. pinetorum, Arabis holboellii var. pinetorum, B. holboellii var. pinetorum | ||||
Name authority | (S. Watson) Al-Shehbaz: Novon 13: 384. (2003) | (Tidestrom) Windham & Al-Shehbaz: Harvard Pap. Bot. 11: 271. (2007) | ||||
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