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bident à trois divisions, three-lobed beggar-ticks, three-lobed beggars-ticks, three-part beggarticks, threelobe beggarticks, tickseed

bident vulgaire, big devils beggartick, tall beggar-ticks, tall beggars-ticks, western sticktight

Habit Annuals, (5–)20–70(–200) cm. Annuals, (15–)30–50(–150) cm.
Leaves

sessile or petioles 5–15(–35+) mm (± winged);

blades ± elliptic to ovate or lanceolate, 40–80(–150+) × 15–40(–60+) mm, sometimes laciniately 1-pinnatisect with 1–4+ lobes near bases, bases cuneate, margins entire or dentate to serrate, usually ciliate, apices acute to acuminate, faces glabrous or hirtellous.

petioles 10–50 mm;

blades ± deltate to ovate overall, 50–100(–150+) × (15–)30–80(–120+) mm, usually laciniately 1-pinnatisect or 3–5-foliolate, primary lobes or leaflets ± lanceolate, 20–80(–120) × 10–25(–40+) mm, blades rarely 2–3-pinnatisect, bases cuneate, ultimate margins dentate to serrate, little, if at all, ciliate, apices acute to attenuate, faces glabrous or ± hispidulous.

Peduncles

10–40(–80) mm.

(10–)40–150+ mm.

Involucres

campanulate to hemispheric or broader, (4–)5–7(–12) × (3–)6–12(–15+) mm.

hemispheric or broader, 5–6 × 8–10 mm.

Ray florets

usually 0, sometimes 1–5;

laminae orange yellowish, 4–8 mm.

0 or 3–5+;

laminae pale yellow, 2.5–3.5 mm.

Disc florets

(5–)20–60(–150+);

corollas pale yellow to orange, (2–)3–4 mm (gradually ampliate, anthers usually pale).

40–60(–150+);

corollas yellow, 2.5–3.5 mm.

Phyllaries

(6–)7–8(–13), elliptic-ovate to lance-ovate, (4–)6–9(–12) mm.

10–12, ovate to lanceolate, 6–9 mm.

Calyculi

of (2–)6–7(–10) ± spreading, oblanceolate or lanceolate to linear, ± foliaceous bractlets or bracts 7–35(–60) mm, margins (entire or serrate) sometimes sparsely ciliate, abaxial faces hispidulous near bases, distally glabrous.

of 10–16(–21) ascending to spreading, spatulate to linear, seldom foliaceous bractlets or bracts 10–20(–40) mm, margins usually hispid-ciliate, abaxial faces ± hispidulous.

Heads

borne singly or in 2s or 3s.

borne singly or in 2s or 3s or in open, corymbiform arrays, erect.

Cypselae

blackish to purplish or brown, ± flattened, sometimes weakly 3(–4)-angled, usually cuneate to linear, outer (3–)6–7(–10) mm, inner (4–)6–9(–11) mm, margins proximally antrorsely to patently, distally retrorsely, barbed, apices ± truncate to concave, faces ± 1-nerved, usually smooth, seldom notably tuberculate, glabrous or sparsely strigillose;

pappi 0, or of (1–)3–3(–4+) ± erect to spreading, retrorsely barbed awns (0.2–)2–3(–6) mm.

purplish, brown, olive, or stramineous, ± flattened, obovate to cuneate, outer 6–10 mm, inner 8–12 mm, margins (sometime ± winged) proximally antrorsely, distally retrorsely barbed, apices ± truncate, faces obscurely 1-nerved, sometimes tuberculate, glabrous or sparsely strigillose;

pappi of 2 erect to divergent, retrorsely barbed awns 3–4(–7) mm.

2n

= 48.

= 24, 48.

Bidens tripartita

Bidens vulgata

Phenology Flowering Aug–Oct. Flowering Aug–Sep(–Oct).
Habitat Marshes and other wet sites Ditches, shores of lakes and streams, swamps, marshes, moist woods, roadsides, railroads, fields, waste areas
Elevation 10–1700 m (0–5600 ft) 10–1000 m (0–3300 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
AK; AL; CA; CO; CT; DC; DE; GA; IA; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MA; MD; ME; MI; MN; MO; MS; MT; NC; ND; NE; NH; NJ; NM; NY; OH; OK; OR; PA; RI; SC; SD; TN; TX; UT; VA; VT; WA; WI; WV; WY; AB; BC; MB; QC; Europe; Asia; n Africa [Introduced in Pacific Islands, Australia]
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
AR; CA; CO; CT; DC; DE; GA; IA; ID; IL; IN; KS; KY; MA; MD; ME; MI; MN; MO; MS; MT; NC; ND; NE; NH; NJ; NV; NY; OH; OK; OR; PA; RI; SC; SD; TN; VA; VT; WA; WI; WV; WY; AB; BC; MB; NB; NS; ON; QC; SK [Introduced in Europe]
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Plants with cypsela mid-nerves strongly developed (cypselae more or less strongly 4-angled and, often, tuberculate) that are treated below as Bidens connata have been included in B. tripartita, perhaps rightly so. And some botanists have included (or advocated inclusion of) B. eatonii, B. heterodoxa, and/or B. infirma in B. tripartita, as well, perhaps rightly so.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Bidens vulgata is similar to B. frondosa; it is more robust. Both are phenotypically plastic. Locally, B. vulgata often matures earlier than B. frondosa.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 21, p. 217. FNA vol. 21, p. 212.
Parent taxa Asteraceae > tribe Heliantheae > subtribe Coreopsidinae > Bidens Asteraceae > tribe Heliantheae > subtribe Coreopsidinae > Bidens
Sibling taxa
B. amplissima, B. aristosa, B. aurea, B. beckii, B. bidentoides, B. bigelovii, B. bipinnata, B. cernua, B. connata, B. discoidea, B. eatonii, B. frondosa, B. heterodoxa, B. heterosperma, B. hyperborea, B. laevis, B. lemmonii, B. leptocephala, B. mitis, B. pilosa, B. polylepis, B. tenuisecta, B. trichosperma, B. vulgata
B. amplissima, B. aristosa, B. aurea, B. beckii, B. bidentoides, B. bigelovii, B. bipinnata, B. cernua, B. connata, B. discoidea, B. eatonii, B. frondosa, B. heterodoxa, B. heterosperma, B. hyperborea, B. laevis, B. lemmonii, B. leptocephala, B. mitis, B. pilosa, B. polylepis, B. tenuisecta, B. trichosperma, B. tripartita
Synonyms B. comosa B. frondosa var. puberula, B. puberula, B. vulgata var. dissectior, B. vulgata var. puberula, B. vulgata var. schizantha
Name authority Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 2: 831. (1753) Greene: Pittonia 4: 72. (1899)
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