Bidens tripartita |
Bidens heterodoxa |
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bident à trois divisions, three-lobed beggar-ticks, three-lobed beggars-ticks, three-part beggarticks, threelobe beggarticks, tickseed |
bident différent, connecticut beggarticks |
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Habit | Annuals, (5–)20–70(–200) cm. | Annuals, (5–)25–35(–55+) cm. |
Leaves | sessile or petioles 5–15(–35+) mm (± winged); blades ± elliptic to ovate or lanceolate, 40–80(–150+) × 15–40(–60+) mm, sometimes laciniately 1-pinnatisect with 1–4+ lobes near bases, bases cuneate, margins entire or dentate to serrate, usually ciliate, apices acute to acuminate, faces glabrous or hirtellous. |
petioles (narrowly, if at all, winged) 5–20(–35+) mm; blades lanceolate to lance-linear, (20–)30–50(–80+) × (3–)6–20(–30+) mm, sometimes laciniately 1-pinnatisect with 2–4+ lobes near bases, bases cuneate, margins incised to serrate, seldom ciliate, apices acute to attenuate, faces glabrous. |
Peduncles | 10–40(–80) mm. |
10–35(–55) mm. |
Involucres | campanulate to hemispheric or broader, (4–)5–7(–12) × (3–)6–12(–15+) mm. |
usually obconic to broadly campanulate, rarely hemispheric, (4–)6–7 × (4–)5–7 mm. |
Ray florets | usually 0, sometimes 1–5; laminae orange yellowish, 4–8 mm. |
usually 0, sometimes 1–3+; laminae orange yellowish, 2–5(–10) mm. |
Disc florets | (5–)20–60(–150+); corollas pale yellow to orange, (2–)3–4 mm (gradually ampliate, anthers usually pale). |
(7–)20–70+; corollas yellowish, 2.5–3.5 mm. |
Phyllaries | (6–)7–8(–13), elliptic-ovate to lance-ovate, (4–)6–9(–12) mm. |
(4–)5–8,oblong to lance-ovate, (4–)5–8+ mm. |
Calyculi | of (2–)6–7(–10) ± spreading, oblanceolate or lanceolate to linear, ± foliaceous bractlets or bracts 7–35(–60) mm, margins (entire or serrate) sometimes sparsely ciliate, abaxial faces hispidulous near bases, distally glabrous. |
of (2–)3–5(–7) ± erect, oblanceolate or spatulate to linear, ± foliaceous bractlets or bracts (6–)10–25(–40+) mm, margins rarely ciliate, abaxial faces usually glabrous, sometimes sparsely hispidulous. |
Heads | borne singly or in 2s or 3s. |
borne singly or in 2s or 3s. |
Cypselae | blackish to purplish or brown, ± flattened, sometimes weakly 3(–4)-angled, usually cuneate to linear, outer (3–)6–7(–10) mm, inner (4–)6–9(–11) mm, margins proximally antrorsely to patently, distally retrorsely, barbed, apices ± truncate to concave, faces ± 1-nerved, usually smooth, seldom notably tuberculate, glabrous or sparsely strigillose; pappi 0, or of (1–)3–3(–4+) ± erect to spreading, retrorsely barbed awns (0.2–)2–3(–6) mm. |
outer red-brown, ± flattened, sometimes 3–4-angled, broadly cuneate, 4–5(–6) mm, inner blackish, narrowly cuneate, (5–)6–7(–8+) mm, margins glabrous or sparsely antrorsely strigillose,apices ± truncate to convex, faces ± 1-nerved, glabrous or sparsely setulose, usually smooth, sometimes ± tuberculate; pappi 0, or of 2(–4) spreading to divergent, antrorsely or retrorsely barbed awns (0.1–)1–3.5+ mm. |
2n | = 48. |
= 48. |
Bidens tripartita |
Bidens heterodoxa |
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Phenology | Flowering Aug–Oct. | Flowering Aug–Oct. |
Habitat | Marshes and other wet sites | Borders of estuaries, lakes, marshes, streams |
Elevation | 10–1700 m [30–5600 ft] | 0–10 m [0–30 ft] |
Distribution |
AK; AL; CA; CO; CT; DC; DE; GA; IA; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MA; MD; ME; MI; MN; MO; MS; MT; NC; ND; NE; NH; NJ; NM; NY; OH; OK; OR; PA; RI; SC; SD; TN; TX; UT; VA; VT; WA; WI; WV; WY; AB; BC; MB; QC; Europe; Asia; n Africa [Introduced in Pacific Islands, Australia]
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CT; NB; PE; QC |
Discussion | Plants with cypsela mid-nerves strongly developed (cypselae more or less strongly 4-angled and, often, tuberculate) that are treated below as Bidens connata have been included in B. tripartita, perhaps rightly so. And some botanists have included (or advocated inclusion of) B. eatonii, B. heterodoxa, and/or B. infirma in B. tripartita, as well, perhaps rightly so. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Bidens heterodoxa may be better treated as part of B. tripartita. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 21, p. 217. | FNA vol. 21, p. 218. |
Parent taxa | ||
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | B. comosa | B. tripartita var. heterodoxa, B. heterodoxa var. agnostica, B. heterodoxa var. monardifolia, B. heterodoxa var. orthodoxa, B. infirma |
Name authority | Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 2: 831. (1753) | (Fernald) Fernald & H. St. John: Rhodora 17: 23. (1915) |
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