Bidens tripartita |
Bidens bipinnata |
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bident à trois divisions, three-lobed beggar-ticks, three-lobed beggars-ticks, three-part beggarticks, threelobe beggarticks, tickseed |
Spanish needles, Spanish needles beggar-ticks |
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Habit | Annuals, (5–)20–70(–200) cm. | Annuals, (15–)30–100(–150+) cm. |
Leaves | sessile or petioles 5–15(–35+) mm (± winged); blades ± elliptic to ovate or lanceolate, 40–80(–150+) × 15–40(–60+) mm, sometimes laciniately 1-pinnatisect with 1–4+ lobes near bases, bases cuneate, margins entire or dentate to serrate, usually ciliate, apices acute to acuminate, faces glabrous or hirtellous. |
petioles 20–50 mm; blades rounded-deltate to ovate or lanceolate overall, (20–)30–70+ × (20–)30–60+ mm, (1–)2(–3)-pinnatisect, ultimate lobes obovate or lanceolate, 15–45+ × 10–25+ mm, bases truncate to cuneate, ultimate margins entire, sometimes ciliolate, apices rounded to acute or attenuate, faces usually glabrous, sometimes hirtellous. |
Peduncles | 10–40(–80) mm. |
(10–)20–50(–100) mm. |
Involucres | campanulate to hemispheric or broader, (4–)5–7(–12) × (3–)6–12(–15+) mm. |
± campanulate, 5–7 × 3–4(–5) mm. |
Ray florets | usually 0, sometimes 1–5; laminae orange yellowish, 4–8 mm. |
0 or 3–5+; laminae yellowish or whitish, 1–2(–3) mm. |
Disc florets | (5–)20–60(–150+); corollas pale yellow to orange, (2–)3–4 mm (gradually ampliate, anthers usually pale). |
10–20(–30+); corollas yellowish to whitish, 2–3 mm. |
Phyllaries | (6–)7–8(–13), elliptic-ovate to lance-ovate, (4–)6–9(–12) mm. |
8–12, lanceolate to linear, 4–6 mm. |
Calyculi | of (2–)6–7(–10) ± spreading, oblanceolate or lanceolate to linear, ± foliaceous bractlets or bracts 7–35(–60) mm, margins (entire or serrate) sometimes sparsely ciliate, abaxial faces hispidulous near bases, distally glabrous. |
of (7–)8(–10) linear bractlets 3–5 mm, ± appressed, margins ciliate, abaxial faces usually glabrous. |
Heads | borne singly or in 2s or 3s. |
usually borne singly, sometimes in ± corymbiform arrays. |
Cypselae | blackish to purplish or brown, ± flattened, sometimes weakly 3(–4)-angled, usually cuneate to linear, outer (3–)6–7(–10) mm, inner (4–)6–9(–11) mm, margins proximally antrorsely to patently, distally retrorsely, barbed, apices ± truncate to concave, faces ± 1-nerved, usually smooth, seldom notably tuberculate, glabrous or sparsely strigillose; pappi 0, or of (1–)3–3(–4+) ± erect to spreading, retrorsely barbed awns (0.2–)2–3(–6) mm. |
red-brown, outer weakly obcompressed, 7–15 mm, inner ± 4-angled, linear to linear-fusiform, 12–18 mm, margins not ciliate, apices ± attenuate, faces 2-grooved, often tuberculate-hispidulous; pappi of (2–)3–4, erect to divergent, retrorsely barbed awns 2–4 mm. |
2n | = 48. |
= 24, 72. |
Bidens tripartita |
Bidens bipinnata |
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Phenology | Flowering Aug–Oct. | Flowering (Jun–)Aug–Sep(–Oct). |
Habitat | Marshes and other wet sites | Fields, forests, disturbed, wettish sites |
Elevation | 10–1700 m (0–5600 ft) | 10–1800 m (0–5900 ft) |
Distribution |
AK; AL; CA; CO; CT; DC; DE; GA; IA; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MA; MD; ME; MI; MN; MO; MS; MT; NC; ND; NE; NH; NJ; NM; NY; OH; OK; OR; PA; RI; SC; SD; TN; TX; UT; VA; VT; WA; WI; WV; WY; AB; BC; MB; QC; Europe; Asia; n Africa [Introduced in Pacific Islands, Australia]
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AL; AR; AZ; CT; DC; FL; GA; IA; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MD; MO; MS; NC; NE; NJ; NM; NY; OH; OK; PA; RI; SC; TN; TX; VA; WV; NB; ON; South America; Europe; Asia; Pacific Islands
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Discussion | Plants with cypsela mid-nerves strongly developed (cypselae more or less strongly 4-angled and, often, tuberculate) that are treated below as Bidens connata have been included in B. tripartita, perhaps rightly so. And some botanists have included (or advocated inclusion of) B. eatonii, B. heterodoxa, and/or B. infirma in B. tripartita, as well, perhaps rightly so. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Bidens bipinnata is probably native in eastern Asia and introduced in South America, Europe, Asia, and Pacific Islands. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 21, p. 217. | FNA vol. 21, p. 210. |
Parent taxa | Asteraceae > tribe Heliantheae > subtribe Coreopsidinae > Bidens | Asteraceae > tribe Heliantheae > subtribe Coreopsidinae > Bidens |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | B. comosa | B. bipinnata var. biternatoides |
Name authority | Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 2: 831. (1753) | Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 2: 832. (1753) |
Web links |
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