Bidens pilosa
Bidens trichosperma
bident poilu, cobbler's pegs, common beggar-ticks, hairy beggar-ticks, Spanish needle
crowned beggar-ticks, tall swamp marigold
petioles 10–30(–70) mm;
blades either ovate to lanceolate, 30–70(–120) × 12–18(–45) mm, or 1-pinnately lobed, primary lobes 3–7, ovate to lanceolate [linear], (10–)25–80+ × (5–)10–40+ mm [blades 2(–3)-pinnatisect], bases truncate to cuneate, ultimate margins serrate or entire, usually ciliate, apices acute to attenuate, faces pilosulous to sparsely hirtellous or glabrate.
petioles 5–20+ mm;
blades ± deltate to ovate overall, 40–75(–150) × 10–45(–130) mm, usually laciniately 1–2-pinnatisect, ultimate lobes (3–)5–7+, oblanceolate or lanceolate to linear, (5–)10–30(–80+) × (1–)4–8(–12+) mm, bases cuneate, ultimate margins incised, dentate, serrate, or entire, little, if at all, ciliate, apices acute to attenuate, faces glabrous or ± hirtellous to strigillose.
10–20(–90) mm.
20–150 mm.
turbinate to campanulate, 5–6 × (6–)7–8 mm.
hemispheric or broader, 4–6(–8) × 6–12 mm.
0 or (3–)5–8+;
laminae whitish to pinkish [yellowish], 2–3 or 7–15+ mm.
(7–)8–9;
laminae golden yellow, 10–30 mm.
20–40(–80+);
corollas yellowish, (2–)3–5 mm.
40–60(–80+);
corollas yellow, 3–5 mm.
(7–)8–9(–13), lanceolate to oblanceolate, 4–6 mm.
6–8(–10), oblong, 3–8 mm.
(6–)7–9(–13) ± appressed, spatulate to linear bractlets (3–)4–5 mm, margins ciliate, abaxial faces usually hispidulous to puberulent.
of (6–)8(–11), ascending to spreading, spatulate to linear, sometimes ± foliaceous bractlets or bracts 3–10(–18) mm, margins sometimes ciliate, abaxial faces glabrous.
usually borne singly, sometimes in open, ± corymbiform arrays.
usually in open, ± corymbiform arrays.
outer red-brown, ± flat, linear to narrowly cuneate, (3–)4–5+ mm, margins antrorsely hispidulous, apices ± truncate or somewhat attenuate, faces obscurely 2-grooved, sometimes tuberculate-hispidulous;
inner blackish, ± equally 4-angled, linear-fusiform, 7–16 mm, margins antrorsely hispidulous, apices ± attenuate, faces 2-grooved, tuberculate-hispidulous to sparsely strigillose;
pappi 0, or of 2–3(–5), erect to divergent, retrorsely barbed awns (0.5–)2–4 mm.
blackish or brown, flattened, narrowly cuneate, outer 3–6 mm, inner 5–9 mm (lengths mostly 2.5–4 times widths), margins antrorsely barbed or ciliate, apices ± truncate, faces obscurely 1-nerved, sometimes tuberculate, glabrous or sparsely hispidulous;
pappi of 2 erect, ± patently barbed awns or scales (0.4–)1–2.5(–4) mm.
= 24, 36, 48, 72.
= 24.
Bidens pilosa
Bidens trichosperma
R. Ballard (1986) adopted a narrower circumscription of Bidens pilosa than that used here. He used: B. pilosa for plants with outer phyllaries 7–10, ray florets usually 0 (when present, laminae 2–3 mm), disc florets 35–75, pappi of 3(–5) awns 1–3 mm, and 2n = 72; B. alba for plants with outer phyllaries (8–)12(–16), ray florets 5–8 (laminae 5–16 mm), pappi of 2 awns 1–2 mm, and 2n = 48; and B. odorata for plants with outer phyllaries (6–)8(–12), ray florets 5–8 (laminae 3–18 mm), disc florets 12–61, pappi 0, or of 1–2 awns 1–3 mm, and 2n = 24.
(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)
Plants here called Bidens trichosperma have long been known as B. coronata (Linnaeus) Britton (or Britton ex Sherff). Alas, Britton’s B. coronata (1913) is a later homonym of B. coronata Fischer ex Colla (1834) and cannot be used.
(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)
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