Bidens pilosa
Bidens polylepis
bident poilu, cobbler's pegs, common beggar-ticks, hairy beggar-ticks, Spanish needle
long-bract tickseed sunflower, Ozark beggar-ticks
petioles 10–30(–70) mm;
blades either ovate to lanceolate, 30–70(–120) × 12–18(–45) mm, or 1-pinnately lobed, primary lobes 3–7, ovate to lanceolate [linear], (10–)25–80+ × (5–)10–40+ mm [blades 2(–3)-pinnatisect], bases truncate to cuneate, ultimate margins serrate or entire, usually ciliate, apices acute to attenuate, faces pilosulous to sparsely hirtellous or glabrate.
petioles 5–30 mm;
blades ± deltate to ovate overall, 40–80(–150+) × 25–50(–80+) mm, usually laciniately 1-pinnatisect, ultimate lobes 3(–7), lanceolate to linear, 25–60(–120+) × (3–)6–20(–25) mm, bases cuneate, ultimate margins incised, dentate, or serrate, ciliate, apices acute to attenuate, faces glabrous or hirtellous to scabrellous.
10–20(–90) mm.
10–20(–50) mm.
turbinate to campanulate, 5–6 × (6–)7–8 mm.
turbinate to hemispheric, 4–5 × 6–10 mm.
0 or (3–)5–8+;
laminae whitish to pinkish [yellowish], 2–3 or 7–15+ mm.
8;
laminae golden yellow, 10–25+ mm.
20–40(–80+);
corollas yellowish, (2–)3–5 mm.
(40–)60–100+;
corollas yellow, 2.5–3 mm.
(7–)8–9(–13), lanceolate to oblanceolate, 4–6 mm.
6–8+, lance-ovate to lanceolate, 4–7 mm.
(6–)7–9(–13) ± appressed, spatulate to linear bractlets (3–)4–5 mm, margins ciliate, abaxial faces usually hispidulous to puberulent.
of 12–21+ spreading to reflexed, linear, seldom foliaceous bractlets (6–)8–12(–20+) mm, margins coarsely ciliate, abaxial faces glabrous or scabrellous.
usually borne singly, sometimes in open, ± corymbiform arrays.
borne singly or in 2s or 3s or in open, ± corymbiform arrays.
outer red-brown, ± flat, linear to narrowly cuneate, (3–)4–5+ mm, margins antrorsely hispidulous, apices ± truncate or somewhat attenuate, faces obscurely 2-grooved, sometimes tuberculate-hispidulous;
inner blackish, ± equally 4-angled, linear-fusiform, 7–16 mm, margins antrorsely hispidulous, apices ± attenuate, faces 2-grooved, tuberculate-hispidulous to sparsely strigillose;
pappi 0, or of 2–3(–5), erect to divergent, retrorsely barbed awns (0.5–)2–4 mm.
blackish or brown to yellowish, ± flattened, obovate or oblanceolate to cuneate, outer 5–7 mm, inner 7–8 mm (lengths mostly 1.5–2.5 widths), margins (± corky-winged) antrorsely barbed or ciliate, apices ± truncate, faces glabrous or strigillose, sometimes tuberculate;
pappi 0, or of 2 divergent, retrorsely barbed awns or ± deltate scales 0.1–0.5(–1.5) mm.
= 24, 36, 48, 72.
= 24.
Bidens pilosa
Bidens polylepis
R. Ballard (1986) adopted a narrower circumscription of Bidens pilosa than that used here. He used: B. pilosa for plants with outer phyllaries 7–10, ray florets usually 0 (when present, laminae 2–3 mm), disc florets 35–75, pappi of 3(–5) awns 1–3 mm, and 2n = 72; B. alba for plants with outer phyllaries (8–)12(–16), ray florets 5–8 (laminae 5–16 mm), pappi of 2 awns 1–2 mm, and 2n = 48; and B. odorata for plants with outer phyllaries (6–)8(–12), ray florets 5–8 (laminae 3–18 mm), disc florets 12–61, pappi 0, or of 1–2 awns 1–3 mm, and 2n = 24.
(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)
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