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bident poilu, cobbler's pegs, common beggar-ticks, hairy beggar-ticks, Spanish needle

smallfruit beggarticks

Habit Annuals [perennials], (10–)30–60(–180+)[–250] cm. Annuals (sometimes persisting), (10–)30–100+ cm.
Leaves

petioles 10–30(–70) mm;

blades either ovate to lanceolate, 30–70(–120) × 12–18(–45) mm, or 1-pinnately lobed, primary lobes 3–7, ovate to lanceolate [linear], (10–)25–80+ × (5–)10–40+ mm [blades 2(–3)-pinnatisect], bases truncate to cuneate, ultimate margins serrate or entire, usually ciliate, apices acute to attenuate, faces pilosulous to sparsely hirtellous or glabrate.

petioles 5–20(–30+) mm;

blades ± deltate to ovate or lanceolate overall, 30–100 × 10–50+ mm, usually laciniately 1-pinnatisect, ultimate lobes 3(–7), ovate or lanceolate to linear, (5–)25–60(–70+) × (1–)5–10(–12+) mm, bases cuneate, ultimate margins serrate or entire, often ciliolate, apices acute to attenuate, faces glabrous or hirtellous.

Peduncles

10–20(–90) mm.

20–120 mm.

Involucres

turbinate to campanulate, 5–6 × (6–)7–8 mm.

hemispheric or broader, 5–6 × 5–8 mm.

Ray florets

0 or (3–)5–8+;

laminae whitish to pinkish [yellowish], 2–3 or 7–15+ mm.

8–13;

laminae golden yellow, 12–25+ mm.

Disc florets

20–40(–80+);

corollas yellowish, (2–)3–5 mm.

25–50+;

corollas yellowish, 2.5–3 mm.

Phyllaries

(7–)8–9(–13), lanceolate to oblanceolate, 4–6 mm.

(6–)8+, lance-ovate to lanceolate, 4–5 mm.

Calyculi

(6–)7–9(–13) ± appressed, spatulate to linear bractlets (3–)4–5 mm, margins ciliate, abaxial faces usually hispidulous to puberulent.

of 7–10 spreading, spatulate to linear, seldom foliaceous (± fleshy) bractlets 5–10 mm, margins usually ciliate, abaxial faces glabrous or hirtellous.

Heads

usually borne singly, sometimes in open, ± corymbiform arrays.

usually in open, ± corymbiform arrays.

Cypselae

outer red-brown, ± flat, linear to narrowly cuneate, (3–)4–5+ mm, margins antrorsely hispidulous, apices ± truncate or somewhat attenuate, faces obscurely 2-grooved, sometimes tuberculate-hispidulous;

inner blackish, ± equally 4-angled, linear-fusiform, 7–16 mm, margins antrorsely hispidulous, apices ± attenuate, faces 2-grooved, tuberculate-hispidulous to sparsely strigillose;

pappi 0, or of 2–3(–5), erect to divergent, retrorsely barbed awns (0.5–)2–4 mm.

blackish or brown, flattened or unequally (3–)4-angled, broadly cuneate, outer 2.5–4, inner 3.5–5 mm (lengths mostly 1.5–2.5 times widths), margins not barbed or ciliate, apices ± truncate, faces sometimes obscurely 1-nerved, sometimes tuberculate, glabrous or hirtellous;

pappi 0, or of 2 erect, antrorsely barbed awns or ± deltate scales 0.5(–1) mm.

2n

= 24, 36, 48, 72.

= 24.

Bidens pilosa

Bidens mitis

Phenology Flowering year round. Flowering Sep–Nov.
Habitat Disturbed, wettish sites Marshes, borders of estuaries
Elevation 10–1900 m (0–6200 ft) 0–100(–300) m (0–300(–1000) ft)
Distribution
from FNA
AL; AZ; CA; CT; FL; GA; KY; LA; MA; MD; MO; MS; NC; NM; PA; SC; TX; ON; QC; Mexico; Central America [Introduced, Europe]
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
AL; AR; DE; FL; GA; LA; MD; MO; MS; NC; NJ; SC; TN; TX; VA
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

R. Ballard (1986) adopted a narrower circumscription of Bidens pilosa than that used here. He used: B. pilosa for plants with outer phyllaries 7–10, ray florets usually 0 (when present, laminae 2–3 mm), disc florets 35–75, pappi of 3(–5) awns 1–3 mm, and 2n = 72; B. alba for plants with outer phyllaries (8–)12(–16), ray florets 5–8 (laminae 5–16 mm), pappi of 2 awns 1–2 mm, and 2n = 48; and B. odorata for plants with outer phyllaries (6–)8(–12), ray florets 5–8 (laminae 3–18 mm), disc florets 12–61, pappi 0, or of 1–2 awns 1–3 mm, and 2n = 24.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 21, p. 211. FNA vol. 21, p. 213.
Parent taxa Asteraceae > tribe Heliantheae > subtribe Coreopsidinae > Bidens Asteraceae > tribe Heliantheae > subtribe Coreopsidinae > Bidens
Sibling taxa
B. amplissima, B. aristosa, B. aurea, B. beckii, B. bidentoides, B. bigelovii, B. bipinnata, B. cernua, B. connata, B. discoidea, B. eatonii, B. frondosa, B. heterodoxa, B. heterosperma, B. hyperborea, B. laevis, B. lemmonii, B. leptocephala, B. mitis, B. polylepis, B. tenuisecta, B. trichosperma, B. tripartita, B. vulgata
B. amplissima, B. aristosa, B. aurea, B. beckii, B. bidentoides, B. bigelovii, B. bipinnata, B. cernua, B. connata, B. discoidea, B. eatonii, B. frondosa, B. heterodoxa, B. heterosperma, B. hyperborea, B. laevis, B. lemmonii, B. leptocephala, B. pilosa, B. polylepis, B. tenuisecta, B. trichosperma, B. tripartita, B. vulgata
Synonyms B. alba, B. alba var. radiata, B. odorata, B. pilosa var. radiata Coreopsis mitis
Name authority Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 2: 832. (1753) (Michaux) Sherff: Bot. Gaz. 81: 43. (1926)
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