Bidens pilosa
Bidens aurea
bident poilu, cobbler's pegs, common beggar-ticks, hairy beggar-ticks, Spanish needle
Apache beggarticks, Arizona beggarticks
petioles 10–30(–70) mm;
blades either ovate to lanceolate, 30–70(–120) × 12–18(–45) mm, or 1-pinnately lobed, primary lobes 3–7, ovate to lanceolate [linear], (10–)25–80+ × (5–)10–40+ mm [blades 2(–3)-pinnatisect], bases truncate to cuneate, ultimate margins serrate or entire, usually ciliate, apices acute to attenuate, faces pilosulous to sparsely hirtellous or glabrate.
petioles 20–40 mm;
blades deltate or lanceolate to lance-linear overall, (30–)50–120(–220) × 10–50(–150) mm, sometimes either 1-pinnately lobed, primary lobes 3–5+, lanceolate to lance-linear, 30–120 × 3–25+ mm, or 2-pinnatisect, ultimate lobes linear, 5–30 × 1–2+ mm, bases truncate to cuneate, ultimate margins entire or serrate, seldom ciliate, apices obtuse to acuminate, faces glabrous or puberulent.
10–20(–90) mm.
(10–)40–60+ mm.
turbinate to campanulate, 5–6 × (6–)7–8 mm.
campanulate to hemispheric, 4–6 × 5–10 mm.
0 or (3–)5–8+;
laminae whitish to pinkish [yellowish], 2–3 or 7–15+ mm.
5–6;
laminae yellow, 10–30 mm.
20–40(–80+);
corollas yellowish, (2–)3–5 mm.
12–30(–60+);
corollas yellowish, 3–4 mm.
(7–)8–9(–13), lanceolate to oblanceolate, 4–6 mm.
8–12, ovate to lanceolate, 4–5(–7) mm (margins usually yellow).
(6–)7–9(–13) ± appressed, spatulate to linear bractlets (3–)4–5 mm, margins ciliate, abaxial faces usually hispidulous to puberulent.
of 8–12(–17) usually erect, linear, seldom foliaceous bractlets 3–6 mm, margins ciliate, abaxial faces usually glabrous, sometimes hispidulous at bases.
usually borne singly, sometimes in open, ± corymbiform arrays.
in ± corymbiform arrays.
outer red-brown, ± flat, linear to narrowly cuneate, (3–)4–5+ mm, margins antrorsely hispidulous, apices ± truncate or somewhat attenuate, faces obscurely 2-grooved, sometimes tuberculate-hispidulous;
inner blackish, ± equally 4-angled, linear-fusiform, 7–16 mm, margins antrorsely hispidulous, apices ± attenuate, faces 2-grooved, tuberculate-hispidulous to sparsely strigillose;
pappi 0, or of 2–3(–5), erect to divergent, retrorsely barbed awns (0.5–)2–4 mm.
dark brown to blackish, ± flattened, sometimes unequally 3–4-angled, ± linear, outer 4–6 mm, inner 5–7 mm, margins not barbed or ciliate, apices truncate, faces weakly 2-grooved, glabrous or sparsely strigillose, sometimes tuberculate;
pappi 0, or of (1–)2(–4) erect to spreading, retrorsely barbed awns (1–)1.5–4 mm.
= 24, 36, 48, 72.
= 24 (Mexico).
Bidens pilosa
Bidens aurea
R. Ballard (1986) adopted a narrower circumscription of Bidens pilosa than that used here. He used: B. pilosa for plants with outer phyllaries 7–10, ray florets usually 0 (when present, laminae 2–3 mm), disc florets 35–75, pappi of 3(–5) awns 1–3 mm, and 2n = 72; B. alba for plants with outer phyllaries (8–)12(–16), ray florets 5–8 (laminae 5–16 mm), pappi of 2 awns 1–2 mm, and 2n = 48; and B. odorata for plants with outer phyllaries (6–)8(–12), ray florets 5–8 (laminae 3–18 mm), disc florets 12–61, pappi 0, or of 1–2 awns 1–3 mm, and 2n = 24.
(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)
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