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bident poilu, cobbler's pegs, common beggar-ticks, hairy beggar-ticks, Spanish needle

Vancouver Island beggar-ticks

Habit Annuals [perennials], (10–)30–60(–180+)[–250] cm. Annuals, (30–)50–120 cm.
Leaves

petioles 10–30(–70) mm;

blades either ovate to lanceolate, 30–70(–120) × 12–18(–45) mm, or 1-pinnately lobed, primary lobes 3–7, ovate to lanceolate [linear], (10–)25–80+ × (5–)10–40+ mm [blades 2(–3)-pinnatisect], bases truncate to cuneate, ultimate margins serrate or entire, usually ciliate, apices acute to attenuate, faces pilosulous to sparsely hirtellous or glabrate.

sessile or petioles 10–50 mm (winged);

blades lance-elliptic to lance-oblong, 80–120(–250) × 30–100 mm (proximal usually with 1–2 lobes near bases), bases cuneate, margins laciniate to serrate, ciliate, apices acuminate, faces glabrous.

Peduncles

10–20(–90) mm.

(10–)30–70+ mm.

Involucres

turbinate to campanulate, 5–6 × (6–)7–8 mm.

± hemispheric or broader, 6–10 × 18–25 mm.

Ray florets

0 or (3–)5–8+;

laminae whitish to pinkish [yellowish], 2–3 or 7–15+ mm.

6–11;

laminae yellow, 4–8 mm.

Disc florets

20–40(–80+);

corollas yellowish, (2–)3–5 mm.

50–100+;

corollas yellow, 2.5–3.5 mm.

Phyllaries

(7–)8–9(–13), lanceolate to oblanceolate, 4–6 mm.

13–16+, oblong to lance-ovate, 6–10 mm.

Calyculi

(6–)7–9(–13) ± appressed, spatulate to linear bractlets (3–)4–5 mm, margins ciliate, abaxial faces usually hispidulous to puberulent.

of 8–10 usually spreading, lance-linear to lanceolate, sometimes ± foliaceous bractlets or bracts 10–20(–75) mm, margins entire or incised, ciliate, abaxial faces ± hispid at bases.

Heads

usually borne singly, sometimes in open, ± corymbiform arrays.

in ± corymbiform arrays.

Cypselae

outer red-brown, ± flat, linear to narrowly cuneate, (3–)4–5+ mm, margins antrorsely hispidulous, apices ± truncate or somewhat attenuate, faces obscurely 2-grooved, sometimes tuberculate-hispidulous;

inner blackish, ± equally 4-angled, linear-fusiform, 7–16 mm, margins antrorsely hispidulous, apices ± attenuate, faces 2-grooved, tuberculate-hispidulous to sparsely strigillose;

pappi 0, or of 2–3(–5), erect to divergent, retrorsely barbed awns (0.5–)2–4 mm.

olivaceous green, ± flattened, unequally 3–4-angled, cuneate, outer 5–6 mm, inner 6–7 mm, margins antrorsely to retrorsely barbed, apices truncate to concave, faces weakly striate, glabrous or sparsely puberulent;

pappi 0, or of (1–)3(–4) suberect, retrorsely barbed awns 2–4 mm.

2n

= 24, 36, 48, 72.

Bidens pilosa

Bidens amplissima

Phenology Flowering year round. Flowering Aug–Oct.
Habitat Disturbed, wettish sites Seasonal wetlands, borders of ponds, lakes, streams, estuaries
Elevation 10–1900 m (0–6200 ft) 0–100 m (0–300 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
AL; AZ; CA; CT; FL; GA; KY; LA; MA; MD; MO; MS; NC; NM; PA; SC; TX; ON; QC; Mexico; Central America [Introduced, Europe]
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
WA; BC
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

R. Ballard (1986) adopted a narrower circumscription of Bidens pilosa than that used here. He used: B. pilosa for plants with outer phyllaries 7–10, ray florets usually 0 (when present, laminae 2–3 mm), disc florets 35–75, pappi of 3(–5) awns 1–3 mm, and 2n = 72; B. alba for plants with outer phyllaries (8–)12(–16), ray florets 5–8 (laminae 5–16 mm), pappi of 2 awns 1–2 mm, and 2n = 48; and B. odorata for plants with outer phyllaries (6–)8(–12), ray florets 5–8 (laminae 3–18 mm), disc florets 12–61, pappi 0, or of 1–2 awns 1–3 mm, and 2n = 24.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Of conservation concern.

For decades, Bidens amplissima was known only from Vancouver Island; it is now known from southwestern British Columbia and northwestern Washington (F. R. Ganders et al. 2003). Occurrences in southern Manitoba and northwestern Nebraska may represent ephemeral introductions. The restricted natural range of B. amplissima has stimulated interest in it, the addition of it to rare plant lists, and the consideration of need for protected sites where it grows.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 21, p. 211. FNA vol. 21, p. 216.
Parent taxa Asteraceae > tribe Heliantheae > subtribe Coreopsidinae > Bidens Asteraceae > tribe Heliantheae > subtribe Coreopsidinae > Bidens
Sibling taxa
B. amplissima, B. aristosa, B. aurea, B. beckii, B. bidentoides, B. bigelovii, B. bipinnata, B. cernua, B. connata, B. discoidea, B. eatonii, B. frondosa, B. heterodoxa, B. heterosperma, B. hyperborea, B. laevis, B. lemmonii, B. leptocephala, B. mitis, B. polylepis, B. tenuisecta, B. trichosperma, B. tripartita, B. vulgata
B. aristosa, B. aurea, B. beckii, B. bidentoides, B. bigelovii, B. bipinnata, B. cernua, B. connata, B. discoidea, B. eatonii, B. frondosa, B. heterodoxa, B. heterosperma, B. hyperborea, B. laevis, B. lemmonii, B. leptocephala, B. mitis, B. pilosa, B. polylepis, B. tenuisecta, B. trichosperma, B. tripartita, B. vulgata
Synonyms B. alba, B. alba var. radiata, B. odorata, B. pilosa var. radiata B. cernua var. elata, B. elata
Name authority Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 2: 832. (1753) Greene: Pittonia 4: 268. (1901)
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