Bidens bipinnata |
Bidens frondosa |
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Spanish needles, Spanish needles beggar-ticks |
bident feuillu, common beggarticks, devil's beggar-ticks, devil's beggartick, devil's pitchfork, leafy beggar-ticks, leafy beggars-ticks, sticktight |
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Habit | Annuals, (15–)30–100(–150+) cm. | Annuals, (10–)20–60(–180) cm. |
Leaves | petioles 20–50 mm; blades rounded-deltate to ovate or lanceolate overall, (20–)30–70+ × (20–)30–60+ mm, (1–)2(–3)-pinnatisect, ultimate lobes obovate or lanceolate, 15–45+ × 10–25+ mm, bases truncate to cuneate, ultimate margins entire, sometimes ciliolate, apices rounded to acute or attenuate, faces usually glabrous, sometimes hirtellous. |
petioles 10–40(–60) mm; blades deltate to lance-ovate overall, 30–80(–150+) × 20–60(–100+) mm, 3(–5)-foliolate, leaflets petiolulate, lanceolate to lance-ovate, (15–)35–60(–120) × (5–)10–20(–30) mm, bases cuneate, margins dentate to serrate, sometimes ciliate, apices acuminate to attenuate, faces glabrous or hirtellous. |
Peduncles | (10–)20–50(–100) mm. |
10–40(–80+) mm. |
Involucres | ± campanulate, 5–7 × 3–4(–5) mm. |
campanulate to hemispheric or broader, 6–9 × 7–12 mm. |
Ray florets | 0 or 3–5+; laminae yellowish or whitish, 1–2(–3) mm. |
0 or 1–3+; laminae golden yellow, 2–3.5 mm. |
Disc florets | 10–20(–30+); corollas yellowish to whitish, 2–3 mm. |
20–60(–120+); corollas ± orange, 2.5–3+ mm. |
Phyllaries | 8–12, lanceolate to linear, 4–6 mm. |
6–12, oblong or ovate to lance-ovate, 5–9 mm. |
Calyculi | of (7–)8(–10) linear bractlets 3–5 mm, ± appressed, margins ciliate, abaxial faces usually glabrous. |
of (5–)8(–10) ascending to spreading, spatulate or oblanceolate to linear, sometimes ± foliaceous bractlets or bracts 5–20(–60) mm, margins usually ciliate, abaxial faces glabrous or hirtellous. |
Heads | usually borne singly, sometimes in ± corymbiform arrays. |
usually borne singly, sometimes in 2s or 3s or in open, corymbiform arrays. |
Cypselae | red-brown, outer weakly obcompressed, 7–15 mm, inner ± 4-angled, linear to linear-fusiform, 12–18 mm, margins not ciliate, apices ± attenuate, faces 2-grooved, often tuberculate-hispidulous; pappi of (2–)3–4, erect to divergent, retrorsely barbed awns 2–4 mm. |
blackish to brown or stramineous, ± obcompressed, obovate to cuneate, outer 5–7 mm, inner 7–10 mm, margins antrorsely or retrorsely barbed, apices ± truncate to concave, faces usually 1-nerved, sometimes tuberculate, glabrous or sparsely hirtellous; pappi of 2 ± erect to spreading, antrorsely or retrorsely barbed awns 2–5 mm. |
2n | = 24, 72. |
= 24, 48, 72. |
Bidens bipinnata |
Bidens frondosa |
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Phenology | Flowering (Jun–)Aug–Sep(–Oct). | Flowering (Jun–)Aug–Sep(–Oct). |
Habitat | Fields, forests, disturbed, wettish sites | Moist woods, meadows, thickets, fields, roadsides, railroads, borders of streams, ponds, sloughs, swamps, ditches |
Elevation | 10–1800 m (0–5900 ft) | 10–2000 m (0–6600 ft) |
Distribution |
AL; AR; AZ; CT; DC; FL; GA; IA; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MD; MO; MS; NC; NE; NJ; NM; NY; OH; OK; PA; RI; SC; TN; TX; VA; WV; NB; ON; South America; Europe; Asia; Pacific Islands
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AK; AL; AR; AZ; CA; CO; CT; DC; DE; FL; GA; IA; ID; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MA; MD; ME; MI; MN; MO; MS; NC; ND; NE; NH; NJ; NM; NV; NY; OH; OK; OR; PA; RI; SC; SD; TN; TX; UT; VA; VT; WA; WI; WV; WY; AB; BC; MB; NB; NF; NS; ON; PE; QC; SK; Mexico [Introduced, Europe]
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Discussion | Bidens bipinnata is probably native in eastern Asia and introduced in South America, Europe, Asia, and Pacific Islands. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Infusions and tinctures of Bidens frondosa are rated as outstanding herbal therapies for irritation, inflammation, pain, and bleeding of the urinary tract mucosa and are used for benign prostatic hypertrophy and increasing excretion of uric acid, decreasing the risk of gout attacks, as well as other medical uses (M. Moore 1993). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 21, p. 210. | FNA vol. 21, p. 212. |
Parent taxa | Asteraceae > tribe Heliantheae > subtribe Coreopsidinae > Bidens | Asteraceae > tribe Heliantheae > subtribe Coreopsidinae > Bidens |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | B. bipinnata var. biternatoides | B. frondosa var. anomala, B. frondosa var. caudata, B. frondosa var. pallida, B. frondosa var. stenodonta, B. melanocarpa |
Name authority | Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 2: 832. (1753) | Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 2: 832. (1753) |
Web links |
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