Flora of North America species comparison

of mature trunks and branches creamy to silvery white, smooth, exfoliating as long strands;

lenticels dark, horizontally expanded.

of young trunks and branches dark reddish brown, in maturity tan, yellowish, or grayish, lustrous, smooth, irregularly exfoliating, or sometimes darkening and remaining close;

lenticels dark, horizontally expanded.

pendulous;

twigs glabrous, usually dotted with small resinous glands.

with odor and taste of wintergreen when crushed, glabrous to sparsely pubescent, usually covered with small resinous glands.

blade broadly ovate to rhombic with 5–18 pairs of lateral veins, 3–7 × 2.5–5 cm, base cuneate, rarely truncate, margins coarsely and sharply doubly serrate, apex acuminate;

surfaces abaxially glabrous to sparsely pubescent, covered with minute, resinous glands.

blade narrowly ovate to ovate-oblong with (9–)12–18 pairs of lateral veins, 6–10 × 3–5.5 cm, base rounded to cuneate or cordate, margins sharply doubly serrate, teeth coarse, rather irregular, apex acuminate;

surfaces abaxially usually moderately pubescent, especially along major veins and in vein axils, often with scattered, minute, resinous glands.

erect to nearly pendulous, cylindric, 2–3.5 × 0.6–1 cm, shattering with fruits in fall;

scales adaxially sparsely pubescent, lobes diverging at middle, central lobe obtuse, much shorter than lateral lobes, lateral lobes broad, rounded, extended.

erect, ovoid, 1.5–3 × 1–2.5 cm, generally remaining intact after release of fruits in late fall;

scales sparsely to moderately pubescent, lobes diverging proximal to middle, central lobe tapering to narrow tip, lateral lobes ascending or partially extended, broader, rounded.

with wings much broader than body, broadest near center, extended beyond body apically.

with wings narrower than body, broadest near summit, not or only slightly extended beyond body apically.

= 28, 56.

= 84.