Flora of North America species comparison

of mature trunks and branches light grayish brown to dark brown or nearly black, smooth, close, furrowed and broken into shallow scales with age.

without taste and odor of wintergreen, moderately to densely pubescent, not conspicuously resin-coated, without large, warty, resinous glands.

with taste and odor of wintergreen when crushed, glabrous to sparsely pubescent, usually covered with small resinous glands.

blade obovate–reniform, with 2–3 pairs of lateral veins, 0.5–1 × 0.5–1.2 cm, base cuneate, margins deeply crenate-dentate, apex broadly rounded to nearly truncate;

surfaces abaxially usually glabrous.

blade ovate to oblong-ovate with 12–18 pairs of lateral veins, 5–10 × 3–6 cm, base rounded to cordate, margins finely and sharply serrate or obscurely doubly serrate, teeth fine, sharp, apex acuminate;

surfaces abaxially mostly glabrous, except sparsely pubescent along major veins and in vein axils, often with scattered, minute, resinous glands.

erect, short-cylindric, 0.5–1 × 0.5–0.8 cm, shattering with fruits in fall;

scales unlobed (lateral lobes sometimes present but greatly reduced), glabrous.

erect, ovoid to nearly globose, 1.5–4 × 1.5–2.5 cm, usually remaining intact for a period after release of fruits in fall;

scales mostly glabrous, lobes diverging at or proximal to middle, central lobe short, cuneate, lateral lobes extended to slightly ascending, longer and broader than central lobe.

with wings not apparent or reduced to narrow ridges.

with wings narrower than body, broadest near center, not extended beyond body apically.

= 28.