Flora of North America species comparison

of mature trunks and branches light grayish brown to dark brown or nearly black, smooth, close, furrowed and broken into shallow scales with age.

dark reddish brown, sometimes becoming pinkish or grayish white, smooth, in maturity exfoliating in thin sheets;

lenticels dark, horizontally expanded.

with taste and odor of wintergreen when crushed, glabrous to sparsely pubescent, usually covered with small resinous glands.

without taste and odor of wintergreen, slightly to moderately pubescent, often with scattered resinous glands.

blade ovate to oblong-ovate with 12–18 pairs of lateral veins, 5–10 × 3–6 cm, base rounded to cordate, margins finely and sharply serrate or obscurely doubly serrate, teeth fine, sharp, apex acuminate;

surfaces abaxially mostly glabrous, except sparsely pubescent along major veins and in vein axils, often with scattered, minute, resinous glands.

blade ovate to nearly deltate with 2–6 pairs of lateral veins, 4–5(–7.5) × 2.5–4.5 cm, base rounded to cuneate, margins coarsely doubly serrate to dentate, teeth relatively sharp, apex acute to short-acuminate;

surfaces abaxially sparsely to moderately pubescent, especially along major veins and in vein axils, often with scattered resinous glands.

erect, ovoid to nearly globose, 1.5–4 × 1.5–2.5 cm, usually remaining intact for a period after release of fruits in fall;

scales mostly glabrous, lobes diverging at or proximal to middle, central lobe short, cuneate, lateral lobes extended to slightly ascending, longer and broader than central lobe.

erect to nearly pendulous, cylindric, 2–5 × 0.5–1 cm, shattering with fruits in fall;

scales ciliate, lobes diverging at middle, nearly equal in length, strongly divergent.

with wings narrower than body, broadest near center, not extended beyond body apically.

with wings as broad as to somewhat narrower than body, broadest near middle, not extended beyond body apically.

= 28.

= 70.