Berberis pinnata |
Berberis wilcoxii |
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California barberry, California Oregon-grape, shiny leaf mahonia |
Wilcox's barberry, Wilcox's hollygrape |
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Habit | Shrubs, evergreen, 0.3-1.6(-7) m. Stems usually monomorphic, seldom with short axillary shoots. | Shrubs, evergreen, 0.3-2 m. Stems ± monomorphic, seldom with short axillary shoots. | ||||
Bark | of 2d-year stems grayish brown, glabrous. |
of 2d-year stems purple or brown, glabrous. |
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Leaves | (3-)5-13-foliolate; petioles 0.5-4.5(-7.5) cm. |
5-9-foliolate; petioles 1-5 cm. |
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Leaflet | blades thin and ± rigid or flexible; surfaces abaxially glossy, smooth, adaxially glossy, green; terminal leaflet stalked, blade 2.6-6.2 × 2-4.5 cm, 1.3-1.9 times as long as wide; lateral leaflet blades elliptic to ovate or broadly lanceolate, 1(-3)-veined from base, base broadly obtuse, truncate, or weakly cordate, margins plane to crispate, toothed, each with 5-22 teeth 0-2 mm tipped with spines to 1-3 × 0.1-0.3 mm, apex acute to rounded-obtuse. |
blades thick and rigid; surfaces abaxially dull, papillose, adaxially glossy, green; terminal leaflet stalked, blade 2.6-6.6 × 1.7-4.4 cm, 1-2.5 times as long as wide; lateral leaflet blades oblong to ovate or elliptic, 1-3-veined from base, base obtuse to rounded or truncate, margins plane to crispate, toothed, each with 3-5 teeth 1-5 mm tipped with spines to 1.2-3.8 × 0.2-0.6 mm, apex acute to rounded. |
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Spines | absent. |
absent. |
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Inflorescences | racemose, dense, 25-50-flowered, 2-9 cm; bracteoles membranous, apex rounded to broadly acute, sometimes apiculate. |
racemose, dense, 30-50-flowered, 2-7 cm; bracteoles membranous, apex rounded or obtuse. |
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Flowers | anther filaments with distal pair of recurved lateral teeth. |
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Berries | blue, glaucous, oblong-ovoid to subspheric, 6-7 mm, juicy, solid. |
blue, glaucous, oblong-ovoid, 6-11 mm, juicy, solid. |
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Bud | scales 3-7 mm, deciduous. |
scales 2-6 mm, deciduous. |
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Anther | filaments with distal pair of recurved lateral teeth. |
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Berberis pinnata |
Berberis wilcoxii |
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Phenology | Flowering spring (Apr–May). | |||||
Habitat | Slopes and canyons | |||||
Elevation | 1500-2500 m (4900-8200 ft) | |||||
Distribution |
CA; OR; Mexico (Baja California)
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AZ; NM; Mexico (Sonora)
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Discussion | Subspecies 2 (2 in the flora). Berberis pinnata is very similar to B. aquifolium, and the two are sometimes difficult to separate. Some authors have used the spacing of the lateral leaflets (said to be contiguous or imbricate in B. pinnata and remote in B. aquifolium) to separate them, but the leaflets are often remote in both species and may be contiguous in B. aquifolium. Berberis pinnata is resistant to infection by Puccinia graminis. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Berberis wilcoxii has not been tested for resistance to infection by Puccinia graminis. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Key |
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Source | FNA vol. 3. | FNA vol. 3. | ||||
Parent taxa | Berberidaceae > Berberis | Berberidaceae > Berberis | ||||
Sibling taxa | ||||||
Subordinate taxa | ||||||
Synonyms | Mahonia pinnata | |||||
Name authority | Lagasca: Elench. Pl., 14. (1816) | Kearney: Trans. New York Acad. Sci. 14: 29. (1894) | ||||
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