Berberis pinnata |
Berberis fendleri |
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California barberry, California Oregon-grape, shiny leaf mahonia |
Colorado barberry |
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Habit | Shrubs, evergreen, 0.3-1.6(-7) m. Stems usually monomorphic, seldom with short axillary shoots. | Shrubs, deciduous, 1-2 m. Stems dimorphic, with elongate primary and short axillary shoots. | ||||
Bark | of 2d-year stems grayish brown, glabrous. |
of 2d-year stems purple, glabrous. |
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Leaves | (3-)5-13-foliolate; petioles 0.5-4.5(-7.5) cm. |
blade narrowly elliptic, 1-veined from base, 1.7-4.6 × 0.6-1.7 cm, thin and flexible, base long-attenuate, margins plane, entire or toothed, each with 3-12 teeth 0-1 mm high tipped with bristles to 0.4-1.4 × 0.1-0.2 mm, apex acute to obtuse or rounded; surfaces abaxially dull or glossy and smooth, adaxially dull or glossy and not glaucous. |
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Leaflet | blades thin and ± rigid or flexible; surfaces abaxially glossy, smooth, adaxially glossy, green; terminal leaflet stalked, blade 2.6-6.2 × 2-4.5 cm, 1.3-1.9 times as long as wide; lateral leaflet blades elliptic to ovate or broadly lanceolate, 1(-3)-veined from base, base broadly obtuse, truncate, or weakly cordate, margins plane to crispate, toothed, each with 5-22 teeth 0-2 mm tipped with spines to 1-3 × 0.1-0.3 mm, apex acute to rounded-obtuse. |
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Spines | absent. |
present, simple or 1-2-pinnately branched. |
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Inflorescences | racemose, dense, 25-50-flowered, 2-9 cm; bracteoles membranous, apex rounded to broadly acute, sometimes apiculate. |
racemose, lax, 4-15-flowered, 1.5-4.5 cm; bracteoles membranous, apex acuminate. |
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Flowers | anther filaments without distal pair of recurved lateral teeth. |
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Berries | blue, glaucous, oblong-ovoid to subspheric, 6-7 mm, juicy, solid. |
red, not glaucous, oblong-ellipsoid, 6-8 mm, juicy, solid. |
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Bud | scales 3-7 mm, deciduous. |
scales 1-2 mm, deciduous. |
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Anther | filaments with distal pair of recurved lateral teeth. |
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Berberis pinnata |
Berberis fendleri |
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Phenology | Flowering spring–summer (May–Aug). | |||||
Habitat | Slopes and canyon bottoms | |||||
Elevation | 1300-2700 m (4300-8900 ft) | |||||
Distribution |
CA; OR; Mexico (Baja California)
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CO; NM; UT
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Discussion | Subspecies 2 (2 in the flora). Berberis pinnata is very similar to B. aquifolium, and the two are sometimes difficult to separate. Some authors have used the spacing of the lateral leaflets (said to be contiguous or imbricate in B. pinnata and remote in B. aquifolium) to separate them, but the leaflets are often remote in both species and may be contiguous in B. aquifolium. Berberis pinnata is resistant to infection by Puccinia graminis. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Berberis fendleri is susceptible to infection by Puccinia graminis. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Key |
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Source | FNA vol. 3. | FNA vol. 3. | ||||
Parent taxa | Berberidaceae > Berberis | Berberidaceae > Berberis | ||||
Sibling taxa | ||||||
Subordinate taxa | ||||||
Synonyms | Mahonia pinnata | |||||
Name authority | Lagasca: Elench. Pl., 14. (1816) | A. Gray: Mem. Amer. Acad. Arts, ser. 2, 4: 5. (1849) | ||||
Web links |