Berberis pinnata |
Berberis darwinii |
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California barberry, California Oregon-grape, shiny leaf mahonia |
Darwin's barberry, Darwin's berberis |
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Habit | Shrubs, evergreen, 0.3-1.6(-7) m. Stems usually monomorphic, seldom with short axillary shoots. | Shrubs, evergreen, 1-3 m. Stems dimorphic, with elongate primary and short axillary shoots. | ||||
Bark | of 2d-year stems grayish brown, glabrous. |
of 2d-year stems brown, densely tomentose. |
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Leaves | (3-)5-13-foliolate; petioles 0.5-4.5(-7.5) cm. |
blade obovate, 1-veined from base, 1.7-3 × 0.9-1.2 cm, thick and rigid, base acute or acuminate, margins reflexed, undulate, toothed or shallowly lobed, each with 2-4 teeth or lobes 1-3 mm high tipped with spines to 1.2-1.6 × 0.2-0.3 mm, apex obtuse or rounded; surfaces abaxially glossy, smooth, adaxially glossy, green. |
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Leaflet | blades thin and ± rigid or flexible; surfaces abaxially glossy, smooth, adaxially glossy, green; terminal leaflet stalked, blade 2.6-6.2 × 2-4.5 cm, 1.3-1.9 times as long as wide; lateral leaflet blades elliptic to ovate or broadly lanceolate, 1(-3)-veined from base, base broadly obtuse, truncate, or weakly cordate, margins plane to crispate, toothed, each with 5-22 teeth 0-2 mm tipped with spines to 1-3 × 0.1-0.3 mm, apex acute to rounded-obtuse. |
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Spines | absent. |
present, pedately 5-9-fid. |
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Inflorescences | racemose, dense, 25-50-flowered, 2-9 cm; bracteoles membranous, apex rounded to broadly acute, sometimes apiculate. |
racemose, rather dense, 10-20-flowered, 3-4 cm; bracteoles membranous, apex acuminate. |
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Flowers | anther filaments without distal pair of recurved lateral teeth. |
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Berries | blue, glaucous, oblong-ovoid to subspheric, 6-7 mm, juicy, solid. |
dark purple, spheric, 6-7 mm, juicy, solid. |
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Bud | scales 3-7 mm, deciduous. |
scales 2-4 mm, deciduous. |
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Anther | filaments with distal pair of recurved lateral teeth. |
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Berberis pinnata |
Berberis darwinii |
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Phenology | Flowering winter (Feb). | |||||
Habitat | Humid areas near coast | |||||
Elevation | 0-20 m (0-100 ft) | |||||
Distribution |
CA; OR; Mexico (Baja California)
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CA; OR; native; s South America [Introduced in North America]
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Discussion | Subspecies 2 (2 in the flora). Berberis pinnata is very similar to B. aquifolium, and the two are sometimes difficult to separate. Some authors have used the spacing of the lateral leaflets (said to be contiguous or imbricate in B. pinnata and remote in B. aquifolium) to separate them, but the leaflets are often remote in both species and may be contiguous in B. aquifolium. Berberis pinnata is resistant to infection by Puccinia graminis. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Berberis darwinii only rarely escapes from cultivation. It is resistant to infection by Puccinia graminis. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Key |
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Source | FNA vol. 3. | FNA vol. 3. | ||||
Parent taxa | Berberidaceae > Berberis | Berberidaceae > Berberis | ||||
Sibling taxa | ||||||
Subordinate taxa | ||||||
Synonyms | Mahonia pinnata | |||||
Name authority | Lagasca: Elench. Pl., 14. (1816) | Hooker: Icon. Pl. 7: 672. (1844) | ||||
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