Berberis pinnata |
Berberis amplectens |
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California barberry, California Oregon-grape, shiny leaf mahonia |
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Habit | Shrubs, evergreen, 0.3-1.6(-7) m. Stems usually monomorphic, seldom with short axillary shoots. | Shrubs, evergreen, 0.2-1.2 m. Stems monomorphic, without short axillary shoots. | ||||
Bark | of 2d-year stems grayish brown, glabrous. |
of 2d-year stems purple, glabrous. |
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Leaves | (3-)5-13-foliolate; petioles 0.5-4.5(-7.5) cm. |
5-7-foliolate; petioles 1.5-5 cm. |
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Leaflet | blades thin and ± rigid or flexible; surfaces abaxially glossy, smooth, adaxially glossy, green; terminal leaflet stalked, blade 2.6-6.2 × 2-4.5 cm, 1.3-1.9 times as long as wide; lateral leaflet blades elliptic to ovate or broadly lanceolate, 1(-3)-veined from base, base broadly obtuse, truncate, or weakly cordate, margins plane to crispate, toothed, each with 5-22 teeth 0-2 mm tipped with spines to 1-3 × 0.1-0.3 mm, apex acute to rounded-obtuse. |
blades thick and rigid; surfaces abaxially dull, papillose, adaxially dull, ± glaucous; terminal leaflet stalked, blade 4.4-5.5 × 3.1-4.6 cm, 1.1-1.4 times as long as wide; lateral leaflet blades oblong or circular, 1-5-veined from base, base truncate or cordate, margins undulate or crispate, toothed, each with 9-15 teeth 1-3 mm tipped with spines to 1.4-2.4 × 0.2-0.4 mm, apex truncate or broadly rounded. |
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Spines | absent. |
absent. |
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Inflorescences | racemose, dense, 25-50-flowered, 2-9 cm; bracteoles membranous, apex rounded to broadly acute, sometimes apiculate. |
racemose, dense, 25-35-flowered, 3-6 cm; bracteoles membranous, apex obtuse or rounded. |
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Flowers | anther filaments distally with pair of recurved teeth: author had no data available. |
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Berries | blue, glaucous, oblong-ovoid to subspheric, 6-7 mm, juicy, solid. |
dark blue, glaucous, ovoid to elliptic, 7-9 mm, juicy, solid. |
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Bud | scales 3-7 mm, deciduous. |
scales 3-6 mm, deciduous. |
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Anther | filaments with distal pair of recurved lateral teeth. |
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2n | = 28. |
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Berberis pinnata |
Berberis amplectens |
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Phenology | Flowering spring (Apr–May). | |||||
Habitat | Rocky slopes in chaparral and open forest | |||||
Elevation | 900-1900 m (3000-6200 ft) | |||||
Distribution |
CA; OR; Mexico (Baja California)
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CA |
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Discussion | Subspecies 2 (2 in the flora). Berberis pinnata is very similar to B. aquifolium, and the two are sometimes difficult to separate. Some authors have used the spacing of the lateral leaflets (said to be contiguous or imbricate in B. pinnata and remote in B. aquifolium) to separate them, but the leaflets are often remote in both species and may be contiguous in B. aquifolium. Berberis pinnata is resistant to infection by Puccinia graminis. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Of conservation concern. Berberis amplectens is endemic to the Peninsular Ranges of southern California. It is resistant to infection by Puccinia graminis. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Key |
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Source | FNA vol. 3. | FNA vol. 3. | ||||
Parent taxa | Berberidaceae > Berberis | Berberidaceae > Berberis | ||||
Sibling taxa | ||||||
Subordinate taxa | ||||||
Synonyms | Mahonia pinnata | Mahonia amplectens | ||||
Name authority | Lagasca: Elench. Pl., 14. (1816) | (Eastwood) L. C. Wheeler: Rhodora 39: 376. (1937) | ||||
Web links |