Berberis nervosa |
Berberis canadensis |
|
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Cascade Oregon-grape, dull Oregon-grape, dwarf Oregon-grape, Oregon grape |
Allegheny barberry, American barberry |
|
Habit | Shrubs, evergreen, 0.1-0.8(-2) m. | Shrubs, deciduous, 0.4-2 m. |
Stems | monomorphic, without short axillary shoots. |
dimorphic, with long primary shoots and short axillary shoots. |
Bark | of 2d-year stems brown or yellow-brown, glabrous. |
of 2d-year stems purple or brown, glabrous. |
Leaves | 9-21-foliolate; petioles 2-11 cm. |
blade oblanceolate or sometimes narrowly elliptic, 1-veined from base, 1.8-7.5 × 0.8-3.3 cm, thin and flexible, base long-attenuate, margins plane, toothed, each with 3-12 teeth 0-1 mm high tipped with bristles to 0.2-1.2 × 0.1-0.15 mm, apex rounded or rounded-obtuse; surfaces abaxially dull, smooth, adaxially dull, ± glaucous. |
Leaflet | blades thin and ± flexible; surfaces abaxially rather dull, smooth, adaxially dull, somewhat glaucous; terminal leaflet stalked, blade 2.9-8.4 × 1.2-4.8 cm, 1.8-3.2 times as long as wide; lateral leaflet blades lance-ovate to ovate, 4-6-veined from base, base rounded to cordate, margins plane, toothed, each with 6-13 teeth 1-2(-3) mm tipped with spines to 1-2.4 × 0.1-0.2 mm, apex acute or broadly acuminate. |
|
Spines | absent. |
present, simple or 3(-7)-fid. |
Inflorescences | racemose, dense, 30-70-flowered, 6-17 cm; bracteoles membranous, apex acute, obtuse, or rounded. |
racemose, lax, 3-12-flowered, 2-5.5 cm; bracteoles membranous, apex acuminate. |
Flowers | anther filaments without distal pair of recurved lateral teeth. |
anther filaments without distal pair of recurved lateral teeth. |
Berries | blue, glaucous, oblong-ovoid or globose, 8-11 mm, juicy, solid. |
red, oblong-ellipsoid, 10 mm, juicy, solid. |
Bud | scales (13-)20-44 mm, persistent. |
scales 1-1.5 mm, deciduous. |
2n | = 56. |
= 28. |
Berberis nervosa |
Berberis canadensis |
|
Phenology | Flowering winter–spring (Mar–Jun). | Flowering spring (Apr–May). |
Habitat | Open or shaded woods, often in rocky areas | In woods or glades, on rocky slopes and near rivers |
Elevation | 0-1800 m (0-5900 ft) | 100-700 m (300-2300 ft) |
Distribution |
CA; ID; OR; WA; BC
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AL; GA; IL; IN; KY; MD; MO; NC; PA; TN; VA; WV
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Discussion | Plants of Berberis nervosa are usually very low (commonly 0.1-0.3 m), but occasional plants may be considerably taller (to 2 m). One such population from north of Westport, California, has been separated as B. nervosa var. mendocinensis. Similar populations occur sporadically throughout the range of B. nervosa, so the form should not be recognized taxonomically. Berberis nervosa is resistant to infection by Puccinia graminis. The Skagit tribe used Berberis nervosa medicinally in a root preparation to treat venereal disease (D. E. Moermann 1986). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Berberis canadensis is susceptible to infection by Puccinia graminis. The Cherokee Indians used scraped bark of Berberis canadensis in infusions to treat diarrhea (D. E. Moermann 1986). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 3. | FNA vol. 3. |
Parent taxa | Berberidaceae > Berberis | Berberidaceae > Berberis |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | B. nervosa var. mendocinensis, Mahonia nervosa, Mahonia nervosa var. mendocinensis | |
Name authority | Pursh: Fl. Amer. Sept., 219. (1814) | Miller: Gard. Dict. ed. 8, Berberis no. 2. (1768) |
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