Berberis fremontii |
Berberis fendleri |
|
---|---|---|
Fremont barberry, Fremont's barberry, Fremont's mahonia |
Colorado barberry |
|
Habit | Shrubs evergreen, 1-4.5 m. Stems ± dimorphic, with elongate primary and short or somewhat elongate axillary shoots. | Shrubs, deciduous, 1-2 m. Stems dimorphic, with elongate primary and short axillary shoots. |
Bark | of 2d-year stems light brown or grayish purple, glabrous. |
of 2d-year stems purple, glabrous. |
Leaves | 5-9(-11)-foliolate; petioles 0.2-0.8(-3) cm. |
blade narrowly elliptic, 1-veined from base, 1.7-4.6 × 0.6-1.7 cm, thin and flexible, base long-attenuate, margins plane, entire or toothed, each with 3-12 teeth 0-1 mm high tipped with bristles to 0.4-1.4 × 0.1-0.2 mm, apex acute to obtuse or rounded; surfaces abaxially dull or glossy and smooth, adaxially dull or glossy and not glaucous. |
Leaflet | blades thick and rigid; surfaces abaxially dull, papillose, adaxially dull, glaucous; terminal leaflet stalked in most or all leaves, blade 1-2.6(-4) × 0.7-1.8(-2.5) cm, 1-2.5 times as long as wide; lateral leaflet blades elliptic to ovate or orbiculate, 1-3-veined from base, base obtuse or truncate, margins strongly crispate, toothed or lobed, with 2-5 teeth 2-6 mm high tipped with spines to 0.8-2.2 × 0.2-0.3 mm, apex obtuse to acuminate. |
|
Spines | absent. |
present, simple or 1-2-pinnately branched. |
Inflorescences | racemose, lax, 3-6-flowered, 2.5-6.5 cm; bracteoles membranous, apex acuminate. |
racemose, lax, 4-15-flowered, 1.5-4.5 cm; bracteoles membranous, apex acuminate. |
Flowers | anther filaments with distal pair of recurved lateral teeth. |
anther filaments without distal pair of recurved lateral teeth. |
Berries | yellow or red to brown, ± glaucous, spheric, 12-18 mm, dry, inflated. |
red, not glaucous, oblong-ellipsoid, 6-8 mm, juicy, solid. |
Bud | scales 2-4 mm, deciduous. |
scales 1-2 mm, deciduous. |
Berberis fremontii |
Berberis fendleri |
|
Phenology | Flowering spring (Apr–Jun). | Flowering spring–summer (May–Aug). |
Habitat | Slopes and flats in desert grassland and pinyon-juniper woodland | Slopes and canyon bottoms |
Elevation | 1100-2400(-3400) m (3600-7900(-11200) ft) | 1300-2700 m (4300-8900 ft) |
Distribution |
AZ; CA; CO; NM; NV; UT
|
CO; NM; UT
|
Discussion | Berberis fremontii is susceptible to infection by Puccinia graminis. The Apache Indians used Berberis fremontii for ceremonial purposes; the Hopi used it medicinally to heal gums (D. E. Moermann 1986). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Berberis fendleri is susceptible to infection by Puccinia graminis. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 3. | FNA vol. 3. |
Parent taxa | Berberidaceae > Berberis | Berberidaceae > Berberis |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Mahonia fremontii | |
Name authority | Torrey: in W. H. Emory, Rep. U.S. Mex. Bound. 2(1): 30. (1859) | A. Gray: Mem. Amer. Acad. Arts, ser. 2, 4: 5. (1849) |
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