Berberis darwinii |
Berberis trifoliolata |
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Darwin's barberry, Darwin's berberis |
agarito, agritos, algerita, currant-of-Texas |
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Habit | Shrubs, evergreen, 1-3 m. Stems dimorphic, with elongate primary and short axillary shoots. | Shrubs, evergreen, 1-3.5 m. Stems ± dimorphic, with elongate primary and short axillary shoots. |
Bark | of 2d-year stems brown, densely tomentose. |
of 2d-year stems gray or grayish purple, glabrous. |
Leaves | blade obovate, 1-veined from base, 1.7-3 × 0.9-1.2 cm, thick and rigid, base acute or acuminate, margins reflexed, undulate, toothed or shallowly lobed, each with 2-4 teeth or lobes 1-3 mm high tipped with spines to 1.2-1.6 × 0.2-0.3 mm, apex obtuse or rounded; surfaces abaxially glossy, smooth, adaxially glossy, green. |
3-foliolate; petioles 0.8-5.4 cm. |
Leaflet | blades thick and rigid; surfaces abaxially dull, papillose, adaxially dull, ± glaucous; terminal leaflet sessile, blade 2.3-5.8 × 0.9-2 cm, 1.6-3.1 times as long as wide; lateral leaflet blades narrowly lanceolate or narrowly elliptic, 1-veined from base, base acute or acuminate, rarely rounded-acute, margins plane, toothed or lobed, with 1-3 teeth or lobes 3-7 mm high tipped with spines to 1-2 × 0.2-0.3 mm, apex narrowly acute or acuminate. |
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Spines | present, pedately 5-9-fid. |
absent. |
Inflorescences | racemose, rather dense, 10-20-flowered, 3-4 cm; bracteoles membranous, apex acuminate. |
racemose, lax, 1-8-flowered, 0.5-3 cm; bracteoles membranous, apex acuminate. |
Flowers | anther filaments without distal pair of recurved lateral teeth. |
anther filaments without distal pair of recurved lateral teeth. |
Berries | dark purple, spheric, 6-7 mm, juicy, solid. |
red, sometimes glaucous, spheric, 6-11 mm, juicy, solid. |
Bud | scales 2-4 mm, deciduous. |
scales 2-3 mm, deciduous. |
Berberis darwinii |
Berberis trifoliolata |
|
Phenology | Flowering winter (Feb). | Flowering winter–spring (Feb–Apr). |
Habitat | Humid areas near coast | Slopes and flats in grassland, shrubland, and sometimes open woodland |
Elevation | 0-20 m (0-100 ft) | 0-2000 m (0-6600 ft) |
Distribution |
CA; OR; native; s South America [Introduced in North America]
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AZ; NM; TX; n Mexico
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Discussion | Berberis darwinii only rarely escapes from cultivation. It is resistant to infection by Puccinia graminis. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
The illegitimate name Berberis trifoliolata Moricand var. glauca (I. M. Johnston) M. C. Johnston has been used for plants with very strongly glaucous leaves. Weakly and strongly glaucous plants are often found in the same population, however, indicating that they are not distinct varieties. Berberis trifoliolata is susceptible to infection by Puccinia graminis. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 3. | FNA vol. 3. |
Parent taxa | Berberidaceae > Berberis | Berberidaceae > Berberis |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Mahonia trifoliolata | |
Name authority | Hooker: Icon. Pl. 7: 672. (1844) | Moricand: Pl. Nouv. Amér., 113. (1841) |
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