Berberis canadensis |
Berberis wilcoxii |
|
---|---|---|
Allegheny barberry, American barberry |
Wilcox's barberry, Wilcox's hollygrape |
|
Habit | Shrubs, deciduous, 0.4-2 m. Stems dimorphic, with long primary shoots and short axillary shoots. | Shrubs, evergreen, 0.3-2 m. Stems ± monomorphic, seldom with short axillary shoots. |
Bark | of 2d-year stems purple or brown, glabrous. |
of 2d-year stems purple or brown, glabrous. |
Leaves | blade oblanceolate or sometimes narrowly elliptic, 1-veined from base, 1.8-7.5 × 0.8-3.3 cm, thin and flexible, base long-attenuate, margins plane, toothed, each with 3-12 teeth 0-1 mm high tipped with bristles to 0.2-1.2 × 0.1-0.15 mm, apex rounded or rounded-obtuse; surfaces abaxially dull, smooth, adaxially dull, ± glaucous. |
5-9-foliolate; petioles 1-5 cm. |
Leaflet | blades thick and rigid; surfaces abaxially dull, papillose, adaxially glossy, green; terminal leaflet stalked, blade 2.6-6.6 × 1.7-4.4 cm, 1-2.5 times as long as wide; lateral leaflet blades oblong to ovate or elliptic, 1-3-veined from base, base obtuse to rounded or truncate, margins plane to crispate, toothed, each with 3-5 teeth 1-5 mm tipped with spines to 1.2-3.8 × 0.2-0.6 mm, apex acute to rounded. |
|
Spines | present, simple or 3(-7)-fid. |
absent. |
Inflorescences | racemose, lax, 3-12-flowered, 2-5.5 cm; bracteoles membranous, apex acuminate. |
racemose, dense, 30-50-flowered, 2-7 cm; bracteoles membranous, apex rounded or obtuse. |
Flowers | anther filaments without distal pair of recurved lateral teeth. |
anther filaments with distal pair of recurved lateral teeth. |
Berries | red, oblong-ellipsoid, 10 mm, juicy, solid. |
blue, glaucous, oblong-ovoid, 6-11 mm, juicy, solid. |
Bud | scales 1-1.5 mm, deciduous. |
scales 2-6 mm, deciduous. |
2n | = 28. |
|
Berberis canadensis |
Berberis wilcoxii |
|
Phenology | Flowering spring (Apr–May). | Flowering spring (Apr–May). |
Habitat | In woods or glades, on rocky slopes and near rivers | Slopes and canyons |
Elevation | 100-700 m (300-2300 ft) | 1500-2500 m (4900-8200 ft) |
Distribution |
AL; GA; IL; IN; KY; MD; MO; NC; PA; TN; VA; WV
|
AZ; NM; Mexico (Sonora)
|
Discussion | Berberis canadensis is susceptible to infection by Puccinia graminis. The Cherokee Indians used scraped bark of Berberis canadensis in infusions to treat diarrhea (D. E. Moermann 1986). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Berberis wilcoxii has not been tested for resistance to infection by Puccinia graminis. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 3. | FNA vol. 3. |
Parent taxa | Berberidaceae > Berberis | Berberidaceae > Berberis |
Sibling taxa | ||
Name authority | Miller: Gard. Dict. ed. 8, Berberis no. 2. (1768) | Kearney: Trans. New York Acad. Sci. 14: 29. (1894) |
Web links |