Berberis canadensis |
Berberis pumila |
|
---|---|---|
Allegheny barberry, American barberry |
creeping barberry, dwarf western barberry, pygmy Oregon grape |
|
Habit | Shrubs, deciduous, 0.4-2 m. Stems dimorphic, with long primary shoots and short axillary shoots. | Shrubs, evergreen, 0.1-0.4 m. Stems monomorphic, without short axillary shoots. |
Bark | of 2d-year stems purple or brown, glabrous. |
of 2d-year stems gray-brown or purplish, glabrous. |
Leaves | blade oblanceolate or sometimes narrowly elliptic, 1-veined from base, 1.8-7.5 × 0.8-3.3 cm, thin and flexible, base long-attenuate, margins plane, toothed, each with 3-12 teeth 0-1 mm high tipped with bristles to 0.2-1.2 × 0.1-0.15 mm, apex rounded or rounded-obtuse; surfaces abaxially dull, smooth, adaxially dull, ± glaucous. |
3-9-foliolate; petioles 0.5-4 cm. |
Leaflet | blades thick and rigid; surfaces abaxially dull, papillose, adaxially dull, glaucous; terminal leaflet stalked, at least on most leaves, blade 4-8 × 2-5 cm, 1.3-1.9 times as long as wide; lateral leaflet blades ovate to oblong-ovate or elliptic, 1(-3)-veined from base, base obtuse, rarely truncate, margins plane or undulate, toothed, with 2-10 teeth 1-3 mm tipped with spines to 1.6-3 - 0.3-0.4(-0.5) mm, apex obtuse or rounded, rarely broadly acuminate. |
|
Spines | present, simple or 3(-7)-fid. |
absent. |
Inflorescences | racemose, lax, 3-12-flowered, 2-5.5 cm; bracteoles membranous, apex acuminate. |
racemose, dense, 30-45-flowered, 2-4 cm; bracteoles membranous, apex rounded or obtuse, sometimes apiculate. |
Flowers | anther filaments without distal pair of recurved lateral teeth. |
anther filaments with distal pair of recurved lateral teeth. |
Berries | red, oblong-ellipsoid, 10 mm, juicy, solid. |
dark blue, glaucous, oblong-ovoid to spheric, 5-8 mm, juicy, solid. |
Bud | scales 1-1.5 mm, deciduous. |
scales 3-6 mm, deciduous. |
2n | = 28. |
= 28. |
Berberis canadensis |
Berberis pumila |
|
Phenology | Flowering spring (Apr–May). | Flowering winter–spring (Mar–May). |
Habitat | In woods or glades, on rocky slopes and near rivers | Open woods and rocky areas |
Elevation | 100-700 m (300-2300 ft) | 300-1200 m (1000-3900 ft) |
Distribution |
AL; GA; IL; IN; KY; MD; MO; NC; PA; TN; VA; WV
|
CA; OR
|
Discussion | Berberis canadensis is susceptible to infection by Puccinia graminis. The Cherokee Indians used scraped bark of Berberis canadensis in infusions to treat diarrhea (D. E. Moermann 1986). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Berberis pumila is resistant to infection by Puccinia graminis. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 3. | FNA vol. 3. |
Parent taxa | Berberidaceae > Berberis | Berberidaceae > Berberis |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Mahonia pumila | |
Name authority | Miller: Gard. Dict. ed. 8, Berberis no. 2. (1768) | Greene: Pittonia 2: 161-162. (1891) |
Web links |