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Allegheny barberry, American barberry

creeping barberry, dwarf western barberry, pygmy Oregon grape

Habit Shrubs, deciduous, 0.4-2 m. Stems dimorphic, with long primary shoots and short axillary shoots. Shrubs, evergreen, 0.1-0.4 m. Stems monomorphic, without short axillary shoots.
Bark

of 2d-year stems purple or brown, glabrous.

of 2d-year stems gray-brown or purplish, glabrous.

Leaves

blade oblanceolate or sometimes narrowly elliptic, 1-veined from base, 1.8-7.5 × 0.8-3.3 cm, thin and flexible, base long-attenuate, margins plane, toothed, each with 3-12 teeth 0-1 mm high tipped with bristles to 0.2-1.2 × 0.1-0.15 mm, apex rounded or rounded-obtuse;

surfaces abaxially dull, smooth, adaxially dull, ± glaucous.

3-9-foliolate;

petioles 0.5-4 cm.

Leaflet

blades thick and rigid;

surfaces abaxially dull, papillose, adaxially dull, glaucous;

terminal leaflet stalked, at least on most leaves, blade 4-8 × 2-5 cm, 1.3-1.9 times as long as wide;

lateral leaflet blades ovate to oblong-ovate or elliptic, 1(-3)-veined from base, base obtuse, rarely truncate, margins plane or undulate, toothed, with 2-10 teeth 1-3 mm tipped with spines to 1.6-3 - 0.3-0.4(-0.5) mm, apex obtuse or rounded, rarely broadly acuminate.

Spines

present, simple or 3(-7)-fid.

absent.

Inflorescences

racemose, lax, 3-12-flowered, 2-5.5 cm;

bracteoles membranous, apex acuminate.

racemose, dense, 30-45-flowered, 2-4 cm;

bracteoles membranous, apex rounded or obtuse, sometimes apiculate.

Flowers

anther filaments without distal pair of recurved lateral teeth.

anther filaments with distal pair of recurved lateral teeth.

Berries

red, oblong-ellipsoid, 10 mm, juicy, solid.

dark blue, glaucous, oblong-ovoid to spheric, 5-8 mm, juicy, solid.

Bud

scales 1-1.5 mm, deciduous.

scales 3-6 mm, deciduous.

2n

= 28.

= 28.

Berberis canadensis

Berberis pumila

Phenology Flowering spring (Apr–May). Flowering winter–spring (Mar–May).
Habitat In woods or glades, on rocky slopes and near rivers Open woods and rocky areas
Elevation 100-700 m (300-2300 ft) 300-1200 m (1000-3900 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
AL; GA; IL; IN; KY; MD; MO; NC; PA; TN; VA; WV
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
CA; OR
[WildflowerSearch map]
Discussion

Berberis canadensis is susceptible to infection by Puccinia graminis.

The Cherokee Indians used scraped bark of Berberis canadensis in infusions to treat diarrhea (D. E. Moermann 1986).

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Berberis pumila is resistant to infection by Puccinia graminis.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 3. FNA vol. 3.
Parent taxa Berberidaceae > Berberis Berberidaceae > Berberis
Sibling taxa
B. amplectens, B. aquifolium, B. bealei, B. darwinii, B. dictyota, B. fendleri, B. fremontii, B. haematocarpa, B. harrisoniana, B. higginsiae, B. nervosa, B. nevinii, B. pinnata, B. piperiana, B. pumila, B. repens, B. swaseyi, B. thunbergii, B. trifoliolata, B. vulgaris, B. wilcoxii
B. amplectens, B. aquifolium, B. bealei, B. canadensis, B. darwinii, B. dictyota, B. fendleri, B. fremontii, B. haematocarpa, B. harrisoniana, B. higginsiae, B. nervosa, B. nevinii, B. pinnata, B. piperiana, B. repens, B. swaseyi, B. thunbergii, B. trifoliolata, B. vulgaris, B. wilcoxii
Synonyms Mahonia pumila
Name authority Miller: Gard. Dict. ed. 8, Berberis no. 2. (1768) Greene: Pittonia 2: 161-162. (1891)
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