Berberis canadensis |
Berberis nevinii |
|
---|---|---|
Allegheny barberry, American barberry |
Nevin's barberry |
|
Habit | Shrubs, deciduous, 0.4-2 m. Stems dimorphic, with long primary shoots and short axillary shoots. | Shrubs, evergreen, 1-4 m. Stems ± dimorphic, with elongate primary and short or somewhat elongate axillary shoots. |
Bark | of 2d-year stems purple or brown, glabrous. |
of 2d-year stems grayish or brownish purple, glabrous. |
Leaves | blade oblanceolate or sometimes narrowly elliptic, 1-veined from base, 1.8-7.5 × 0.8-3.3 cm, thin and flexible, base long-attenuate, margins plane, toothed, each with 3-12 teeth 0-1 mm high tipped with bristles to 0.2-1.2 × 0.1-0.15 mm, apex rounded or rounded-obtuse; surfaces abaxially dull, smooth, adaxially dull, ± glaucous. |
3-5(-7)-foliolate; petioles 0.2-0.7 cm. |
Leaflet | blades thin but rigid; surfaces abaxially dull, papillose, adaxially dull, glaucous; terminal leaflet stalked in most or all leaves, blade 2.1-4.1 × 0.7-1.1 cm, 3-6 times as long as wide; lateral leaflet blades lance-ovate or lance-elliptic to lanceolate, 1-veined from base, base obtuse or rounded, margins plane or undulate, toothed, each with 4-11 teeth 0-1 mm high tipped with spines to 0.4-2 × 0.1-0.2 mm, apex acuminate. |
|
Spines | present, simple or 3(-7)-fid. |
absent. |
Inflorescences | racemose, lax, 3-12-flowered, 2-5.5 cm; bracteoles membranous, apex acuminate. |
racemose, lax, 3-8-flowered, 2-5 cm; bracteoles membranous, apex acuminate, sometimes with proximal bracteoles leathery, spinose-acuminate. |
Flowers | anther filaments without distal pair of recurved lateral teeth. |
anther filaments with distal pair of recurved lateral teeth. |
Berries | red, oblong-ellipsoid, 10 mm, juicy, solid. |
yellowish red to red, not glaucous, spheric, 5-6 mm, juicy, solid. |
Bud | scales 1-1.5 mm, deciduous. |
scales 2-3 mm, deciduous. |
2n | = 28. |
|
Berberis canadensis |
Berberis nevinii |
|
Phenology | Flowering spring (Apr–May). | Flowering winter–spring (Feb–May). |
Habitat | In woods or glades, on rocky slopes and near rivers | Sandy slopes and washes in chaparral, coastal scrub, and riparian scrub |
Elevation | 100-700 m (300-2300 ft) | 0-600 m (0-2000 ft) |
Distribution |
AL; GA; IL; IN; KY; MD; MO; NC; PA; TN; VA; WV
|
CA
|
Discussion | Berberis canadensis is susceptible to infection by Puccinia graminis. The Cherokee Indians used scraped bark of Berberis canadensis in infusions to treat diarrhea (D. E. Moermann 1986). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Of conservation concern. Berberis nevinii is known from scattered populations from San Francisquito Canyon, north of Valencia, south to Dripping Springs, near Aguanga. It is susceptible to infection by Puccinia graminis. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 3. | FNA vol. 3. |
Parent taxa | Berberidaceae > Berberis | Berberidaceae > Berberis |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Mahonia nevinii | |
Name authority | Miller: Gard. Dict. ed. 8, Berberis no. 2. (1768) | A. Gray: in A. Gray et al., Syn. Fl. N. Amer. 1: 69. (1895) |
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