Berberis canadensis |
Berberis harrisoniana |
|
---|---|---|
Allegheny barberry, American barberry |
Harrison's barberry, kofa mountain barberry |
|
Habit | Shrubs, deciduous, 0.4-2 m. Stems dimorphic, with long primary shoots and short axillary shoots. | Shrubs, evergreen, 0.5-1.5 m. Stems often ± dimorphic, with elongate primary and somewhat elongate axillary shoots. |
Bark | of 2d-year stems purple or brown, glabrous. |
of 2d-year stems brown or gray, glabrous. |
Leaves | blade oblanceolate or sometimes narrowly elliptic, 1-veined from base, 1.8-7.5 × 0.8-3.3 cm, thin and flexible, base long-attenuate, margins plane, toothed, each with 3-12 teeth 0-1 mm high tipped with bristles to 0.2-1.2 × 0.1-0.15 mm, apex rounded or rounded-obtuse; surfaces abaxially dull, smooth, adaxially dull, ± glaucous. |
3-foliolate; petioles 1.5-5 cm. |
Leaflet | blades thick and rigid; surfaces abaxially ± dull, papillose, adaxially dull, rarely glossy, somewhat glaucous; terminal leaflet sessile, blade 2.9-5.4 × 2.2-3.2 cm, 1.3-2.4 times as long as wide; lateral leaflet blades ovate or rhombic to lanceolate, 1-3-veined from base, base acute to rounded-obtuse, margins plane or undulate, lobed, with 1-2 teeth 5-13 mm high tipped with spines to 2-3.4 × 0.3-0.4 mm, apex acuminate. |
|
Spines | present, simple or 3(-7)-fid. |
absent. |
Inflorescences | racemose, lax, 3-12-flowered, 2-5.5 cm; bracteoles membranous, apex acuminate. |
racemose, rather dense, 6-11-flowered, 1.5-2.5 cm; bracteoles membranous, apex acute or obtuse. |
Flowers | anther filaments without distal pair of recurved lateral teeth. |
anther filaments with distal pair of recurved lateral teeth. |
Berries | red, oblong-ellipsoid, 10 mm, juicy, solid. |
blue-black, glaucous, spheric to short-ovoid, 5-6 mm, juicy, solid. |
Bud | scales 1-1.5 mm, deciduous. |
scales 1.5-3 mm, deciduous. |
2n | = 28. |
|
Berberis canadensis |
Berberis harrisoniana |
|
Phenology | Flowering spring (Apr–May). | Flowering winter (Jan–Mar). |
Habitat | In woods or glades, on rocky slopes and near rivers | Shady spots in rocky canyons |
Elevation | 100-700 m (300-2300 ft) | 800-1100 m (2600-3600 ft) |
Distribution |
AL; GA; IL; IN; KY; MD; MO; NC; PA; TN; VA; WV
|
AZ |
Discussion | Berberis canadensis is susceptible to infection by Puccinia graminis. The Cherokee Indians used scraped bark of Berberis canadensis in infusions to treat diarrhea (D. E. Moermann 1986). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Of conservation concern. Berberis harrisoniana is endemic to the Kofa and Ajo mountains. It has not been tested for resistance to infection by Puccinia graminis. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 3. | FNA vol. 3. |
Parent taxa | Berberidaceae > Berberis | Berberidaceae > Berberis |
Sibling taxa | ||
Name authority | Miller: Gard. Dict. ed. 8, Berberis no. 2. (1768) | Kearney & Peebles: J. Wash. Acad. Sci. 29: 477. (1939) |
Web links |