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Allegheny barberry, American barberry

Harrison's barberry, kofa mountain barberry

Habit Shrubs, deciduous, 0.4-2 m. Stems dimorphic, with long primary shoots and short axillary shoots. Shrubs, evergreen, 0.5-1.5 m. Stems often ± dimorphic, with elongate primary and somewhat elongate axillary shoots.
Bark

of 2d-year stems purple or brown, glabrous.

of 2d-year stems brown or gray, glabrous.

Leaves

blade oblanceolate or sometimes narrowly elliptic, 1-veined from base, 1.8-7.5 × 0.8-3.3 cm, thin and flexible, base long-attenuate, margins plane, toothed, each with 3-12 teeth 0-1 mm high tipped with bristles to 0.2-1.2 × 0.1-0.15 mm, apex rounded or rounded-obtuse;

surfaces abaxially dull, smooth, adaxially dull, ± glaucous.

3-foliolate;

petioles 1.5-5 cm.

Leaflet

blades thick and rigid;

surfaces abaxially ± dull, papillose, adaxially dull, rarely glossy, somewhat glaucous;

terminal leaflet sessile, blade 2.9-5.4 × 2.2-3.2 cm, 1.3-2.4 times as long as wide;

lateral leaflet blades ovate or rhombic to lanceolate, 1-3-veined from base, base acute to rounded-obtuse, margins plane or undulate, lobed, with 1-2 teeth 5-13 mm high tipped with spines to 2-3.4 × 0.3-0.4 mm, apex acuminate.

Spines

present, simple or 3(-7)-fid.

absent.

Inflorescences

racemose, lax, 3-12-flowered, 2-5.5 cm;

bracteoles membranous, apex acuminate.

racemose, rather dense, 6-11-flowered, 1.5-2.5 cm;

bracteoles membranous, apex acute or obtuse.

Flowers

anther filaments without distal pair of recurved lateral teeth.

anther filaments with distal pair of recurved lateral teeth.

Berries

red, oblong-ellipsoid, 10 mm, juicy, solid.

blue-black, glaucous, spheric to short-ovoid, 5-6 mm, juicy, solid.

Bud

scales 1-1.5 mm, deciduous.

scales 1.5-3 mm, deciduous.

2n

= 28.

Berberis canadensis

Berberis harrisoniana

Phenology Flowering spring (Apr–May). Flowering winter (Jan–Mar).
Habitat In woods or glades, on rocky slopes and near rivers Shady spots in rocky canyons
Elevation 100-700 m (300-2300 ft) 800-1100 m (2600-3600 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
AL; GA; IL; IN; KY; MD; MO; NC; PA; TN; VA; WV
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
AZ
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Berberis canadensis is susceptible to infection by Puccinia graminis.

The Cherokee Indians used scraped bark of Berberis canadensis in infusions to treat diarrhea (D. E. Moermann 1986).

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Of conservation concern.

Berberis harrisoniana is endemic to the Kofa and Ajo mountains. It has not been tested for resistance to infection by Puccinia graminis.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 3. FNA vol. 3.
Parent taxa Berberidaceae > Berberis Berberidaceae > Berberis
Sibling taxa
B. amplectens, B. aquifolium, B. bealei, B. darwinii, B. dictyota, B. fendleri, B. fremontii, B. haematocarpa, B. harrisoniana, B. higginsiae, B. nervosa, B. nevinii, B. pinnata, B. piperiana, B. pumila, B. repens, B. swaseyi, B. thunbergii, B. trifoliolata, B. vulgaris, B. wilcoxii
B. amplectens, B. aquifolium, B. bealei, B. canadensis, B. darwinii, B. dictyota, B. fendleri, B. fremontii, B. haematocarpa, B. higginsiae, B. nervosa, B. nevinii, B. pinnata, B. piperiana, B. pumila, B. repens, B. swaseyi, B. thunbergii, B. trifoliolata, B. vulgaris, B. wilcoxii
Name authority Miller: Gard. Dict. ed. 8, Berberis no. 2. (1768) Kearney & Peebles: J. Wash. Acad. Sci. 29: 477. (1939)
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